Shūgiin election 1976

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Share of votes in%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
41.8
20.7
10.9
10.4
6.3
6.0
4.2
n. k.
Independent
NLC
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 1972
 % p
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
-5.1
-1.2
+2.4
-0.1
-0.7
+1.0
+4.2
-0.3
Independent
NLC
Otherwise.
Distribution of seats after the 1976 election
       
A total of 511 seats

The 1976 Shūgiin election was the 34th election to Shūgiin , the Japanese lower house, and took place on December 5, 1976. It was the first and so far only Shūgiin election in post-war history, which was not preceded by an early dissolution of the Shūgiin, which was carried out after a full legislative period of four years.

The election was shaped by the Lockheed scandal , in which it became known in 1976 that former Prime Minister Tanaka Kakuei had received bribes in exchange for public contracts. In Japan, the election is therefore also known as the “ Lockheed election ” ( ロ ッ キ ー ド 選 挙 , rokkīdo bekyo ). Other campaign issues such as improving the quality of life, combating pollution and inflation in the wake of the oil crisis faded into the background. The biggest winner was the Kōmeitō, which was strongly committed to the fight against corruption.

In July 1975, a reform of the electoral law was passed, after which the number of constituencies was increased (now: 1 single, 47 triple, 41 quadruple and 41 five-member constituencies) and the total number of MPs rose from 491 to 511. The turnout was 73.44%.

Party / faction be right Seats modification
to the last election on the composition before the election
Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) 23,653,626 249 −22
     Fukuda faction 51 −4
     Tanaka faction 43 −6
     Ōhira faction 39 −6
     Nakasone faction 39 +1
     Miki faction 32 −4
     Shiina faction 11 −7
     Mizuta faction 13 −2
     Funada faction 8th −1
     Ishii faction 4th −5
     without faction 9 (+1)
Opposition parties 241 +35
Socialist Party of Japan (SPJ) 11,713,009 123 +5
Kōmeitō 6,177,300 55 +26
Democratic Socialist Party (DSP) 3,554,076 29 −2
Communist Party of Japan (CPJ) 5,878,192 17th −21
New Liberal Club 2,363,985 17th (+17)
Independent 3,227,463 21st +7
total 56,612,765 511 +20 +37 (vacancies)

Effects

The LDP received only 41.8 percent of the vote and lost the absolute majority in the Shūgiin for the first time since it was founded. Prime Minister and party leader Miki Takeo resigned in the face of the devastating election result, making the post-war prime minister different for the second time in post-war history since the 1947 election. With the accession of eleven independents, the LDP's ability to govern was restored. On December 23, Fukuda Takeo , the leader of the strongest faction and an advocate of intra-party reforms, was elected party chairman by the LDP MPs in both chambers and was elected prime minister a day later.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication , Statistics Office: 衆議院 議員 総 選 挙 の 党派 別 当選 者 数 及 び 得 票数 （昭和 33 年 ～ 平 成 5 年） ( MS Excel ; 33 kB)