Shin-hanga

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Hashiguchi: "In the bathroom" (1915)
Kawase: "Shiba Zōjōji" (1925)

Shin-hanga ( Japanese 新 版画 , dt. "New Printing") is an art movement of Japanese woodblock prints that originated at the beginning of the 20th century.

history

Shin-hanga and Sōsaku-hanga are two art forms of Japanese woodcut that emerged at the beginning of the 20th century. The term Shin-hanga was coined in 1915 by the publisher and art dealer Watanabe Shōzaburō (1885–1962). He had the idea of ​​having designs by living artists implemented in the traditional Ukiyo-e production method by wood cutters and printers. The artists adopted the imagery of ukiyo-e, such as beautiful women, kabuki performers, flowers and birds, landscapes and adapted the themes to the time. When designing the pictures, they took inspiration from Western painting such as perspective and shading. The connection to the Ukiyoe tradition was provided by Kaburagi Kiyokata (1878–1972), who had learned from Mizuno Toshikata (1866–1908), who in turn came from the Utagawa school.

The first artist Watanabe approached was Hashiguchi Goyō (1880-1921), who had caught his eye with a poster for the Mitsukoshi department store . The first Shin-hanga, entitled “In the bathroom” ( 浴場 の 女 , yuami ), was traditional with the emphasis on the line, and in terms of content it moved away from the erotic tradition of Ukiyo-e with the representation of a female nude itself . Shin-hanga woodblock prints were particularly successful outside of Japan - especially in the USA - in the first half of the 20th century, as there was great interest in traditional Japanese motifs.

In contrast to the painting of the time with the Japanese Nihonga and Western Yōga , the separation between Shin-hanga and the simultaneously flourishing Sōsaku-hanga was not so strict. Artists like Yoshida and Kasamatsu e.g. B. initially created templates for Watanabe, but later took over the printing themselves.

In addition to Hashiguchi, itō Shinsui (1898–1972) and Kawase Hasui (1883–1957) belong to the inner circle of the Shin-hanga movement . Other artists are:

Some foreigners also acted in this direction at Watanabe's suggestion, from Austria Fritz Capelari (1884–1950), from England Charles W. Bartlett (1880–1940) and Elizabeth Keith (1897–1956). Watanabe then misplaced her prints too.

With the beginning of the Second World War , the demand for Shin-hanga woodblock prints fell drastically, but after that there was again an increase in demand. But the most important artists had grown old, the younger artists were more interested in the Sōsaku-hanga direction. Watanabe's death in 1962 can be seen as the end of the Shin-hanga movement.

literature

  • Kendall H. Brown: Impressions of Japan: Print Interactions East and West. In: Christine Javid (Ed.): Color Woodcut International. Japan, Britain, and America in the Early Twentieth Century. Chazen Museum of Art, Madison WI 2006, ISBN 0-932900-64-X , pp. 13–29 ( excerpt (Google) )
  • Okamoto et al. a .: Kindai Nihon hanga no mikata . Tokyo bijutsu, 2004, ISBN 4-8087-0751-9 .
  • Kendall H. Brown, Hollis Goodall-Cristante: Shin-Hanga. New Prints in Modern Japan. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles CA 1996, ISBN 0-295-97517-2 .
  • Helen Merritt: Modern Japanese Woodblock Prints. The early years. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu HI 1990, ISBN 0-8248-1200-X .
  • Helen Merritt, Nanako Yamada: Guide to Modern Japanese Woodblock Prints. 1900-1975. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu HI 1995, ISBN 0-8248-1732-X .
  • Nerima kuritsu bijutsukan (Ed.): Mokuhanga - Meijimatsu kara gendai ten . 1992 catalog.

Web links

Commons : Shin Hanga  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files