Silbannacus

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Antoninian of Silbannacus

Mar. Silbannacus is the name of a man who is believed to have claimed the office of Roman emperor as a usurper at the beginning of the reign of Valerian (253–260) . Possible resolutions of the gentile name are Marinus , Marius and Marcius as well as Marcus Aurelius .

Silbannacus is known only from two coins, an Antoninian in the British Museum , which was allegedly found in Lorraine , and another from the Paris area, which was minted in Rome in September 253 shortly after the death of Aemilianus . Silbannacus is likely to have ruled there briefly during Valerian's march on Rome.

According to another opinion, the elevation of Silbannacus is localized due to stylistic and onomastic considerations in the Gallic area and dated to the reign of Philip the Arab (244-249). Felix Hartmann speculatively connects the usurpation with a bellum civile in Gaul mentioned by Eutropius . As a result, Silbannacus is said to have commanded auxiliary troops in the province of Germania superior and to have been defeated by Philip's successor Decius .

literature

  • Sylviane Estiot: L'empereur Silbannacus. Un second antonines . In: Revue numismatique. Vol. 151, 1996, ISSN  0484-8942 , pp. 105-117 ( digitized version ).
  • Felix Hartmann: Change of rulers and imperial crisis. Investigations into the causes and consequences of the change of rulers in the Imperium Romanum of the soldiers' imperial time (3rd century AD) (= European university publications . Series 3, Vol. 149). Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1982, ISBN 3-8204-6195-7 .
  • Christian Körner: Philippus Arabs. A soldier emperor in the tradition of the Antonine-Severan principate (= studies of ancient literature and history . Vol. 61). De Gruyter, Berlin et al. 2002, ISBN 3-11-017205-4 ( review by H-Soz-u-Kult ).
  • Dietmar Kienast , Werner Eck , Matthäus Heil : Roman imperial table. Basic features of a Roman imperial chronology . 6th edition. Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2017, ISBN 978-3-534-26724-8 .

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Körner, Philippus Arabs , p. 386.
  2. ↑ Estiot, I'Empereur Silbannacus , S. 108th
  3. ↑ Kienast / Eck / Heil, Roman Imperial Table , p. 208.
  4. ↑ The Antoninian from Rome bears the shortened legend MARTI PROPVG [NA] T [ORI], which also appears on coins of Aemilianus. See Estiot, L'empereur Silbannacus , pp. 105ff.
  5. ↑ The Roman Imperial Coinage does not give a precise reason (RIC 4.2, p. 105).
  6. ↑ Eutropius 9.4.
  7. ↑ Hartmann, Change of Rulers and Imperial Crisis , pp. 63 and 94; Körner, Philippus Arabs , p. 386ff, argues much more cautiously .
personal data
SURNAME Silbannacus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Silbannacus, Mar.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Usurper on the office of Roman emperor
DATE OF BIRTH 2nd century or 3rd century
DATE OF DEATH 3rd century