Silbermann worry temperature

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The Silbermann Sorge temperature is a medium-tone mood . It is named after the organ builder Gottfried Silbermann (1683–1753) and the music theorist Georg Andreas Sorge (1703–1778).

From 1743 to 1748, Sorge examined the Silbermann organs in Greiz and Burgk and presented his results in 1748 in his text Conversation between a Musico Theoretico and a Studioso Musices . In its first part the temperatures are represented, in the second part mathematically idealized. In both parts, Sorge's statements are inconsistent, imprecise and polemical in relation to the mid-range. The reliability of Sorge's observations and the assumption that Silbermann represented a mean-tone temperature were therefore questioned.

In the Silbermann-Sorge temperature, 11 fifths are reduced by a sixth of the Pythagorean comma (about 4 cents ). The fifth G sharp-Es is extended by five sixths (about 20 cents).

volume C. Cis D. It E. F. F sharp G G sharp A. B. H C.
Cent value 0 86 196 306 392 502 588 698 784 894 1004 1090 1200

Taking into account that a perfect fifth equals 702 cents, this means in the order of the circle of fifths :

Fifth interval c 0 - g 0 g 0 - d 1 d 1 - a 1 a 1 - e 2 e 2 - h 2 h 2 - f sharp 3 f sharp 3 - c sharp 4 c sharp 4 - g sharp 4 g sharp 4 - e flat 5 es 5 - b 5 b 5 - f 6 f 6 - c 7
Cent distance 698 698 698 698 698 698 698 698 722 698 698 698
Triad ceg des-f-as
c sharp-f-g sharp 		d-f sharp-a es-gb e-gis-h fac fis-ais-cis
ges-b-des 		ghd as-c-es
g sharp-c-dis 		a-cis-e bdf h-dis-f sharp ceg
Major third (ce etc.) in cents 392 416 392 392 392 392 416 392 416 392 392 416 392
Fifth (cg, etc.) in cents 698 698 698 698 698 698 698 698 722 698 698 698 698

The Silbermann organ in the castle chapel Tiefenau (consecrated around 1728), for example, is tuned according to these conditions, as is the Silbermann organ in Helbigsdorf , which was also consecrated in 1728 (Es: 305.5 cents, G sharp: 784.5 cents, H: 1090.5 cents) and that of the Burgk Castle Chapel (Es: 302 cents, F: 500 cents, B: 1000 cents), which was consecrated in 1743.

literature

  • Frank-Harald Greß : Gottfried Silbermann's organs . Michel Sandstein Verl., Dresden 2000, ISBN 3-930382-34-2 .
  • Frank-Harald Greß: The organ temperatures of Gottfried Silbermann. (= Freiberg studies on the organ 12 ). Kamprad, Altenburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-930550-66-1 .
  • Wilhelm Dupont: History of the musical temperature . Orgelbau-Fachverlag Rensch, Lauffen / Neckar, reprint 1986 (first print 1935), ISBN 3-921848-14-8 .
  • Georg Andreas Sorge: Conversation between a Musico theoretico and a Studioso Musices from the Praetorian, Printzische Werkmeisterischen, Neidhardtischen and Silbermannische Temperatures. Lobenstein 1748 ( online ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Greß: The organ temperatures Gottfried Silbermanns. 2010, pp. 19-22, 29f.