Simon Evangelist

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The Simon Evangelistary (Russian Симоновское Евангелие even Lotyscha Evangelistary , Russian Евангелие Лотыша or Latvian Evangelistary , Latvian Latvieša evaņģēlijs ) is an illustrated manuscript in Church Slavonic language of the 1270th

description

The manuscript consists of 167 parchment sheets in the format 27–28 cm × 21–21.5 cm, on which texts from the New Testament for liturgical reading and a menologion are written in Cyrillic script . Four full-page colored miniatures show the evangelists Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, in this case the apostle Simon as an otherwise unknown motif. 363 initials are decorated, 167 of them with zoomorphic and anthropomorphic elements in the Novgorod style, a further 139 in the Novgorod style, and 57 with late Byzantine ornamentation in the South Russian style.

history

The Evangelistary was completed on March 23, 1270 by Gjurgi (...), called the Latvian from Gorodishche, on behalf of the monk Simon of St. George . Its identification is uncertain. Russian art historiography assumes that the manuscript originated in Novgorod. The miniatures and many initials are designed in the Novgorod style. Gorodishche would be the prince's castle near Novgorod, St. George the George's monastery . The Latvian account of history emphasizes that the writer was a Latvian, first mentioned as a nationality in a Church Slavonic manuscript. As Gorodishtche is Castle Jersika in Latgalian populated area of the Bishopric of Riga believed mentioned for the 1,209 Orthodox churches. The manuscript could have originated in the neighboring principality of Polotsk , Simon possibly the local bishop (who, however, had already gone to Tver in 1263).

From 1555 there is a note in Belarusian or Ukrainian that refers to an owner in this language area. In 1825 it was bought by Count Nikolai Rumyantsev . Today it is in the Russian State Library in Moscow with the signature Рум. 105. In 2017, the Orthodox Church of Riga and the whole of Latvia under Metropolitan Aleksandr published a facsimile edition with commentaries and academic contributions in Latvian, Russian and English.

literature

  • Столярова, Д. В., Каштанов, С. М .: Книга в Древней Руси (ХІ – XVI вв.) Москва 2010. pp. 268–281.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Симоновское евангелие
  2. ↑ Church Slavonic original formulation in Столярова, Л. В., Каштанов, С. М .: Книга в Древней Руси (ХІ-XVI вв.) Москва 2010. p. 268 .
  3. ↑ Atskats uz Latvijas kristianizācijas sākumiem. Latviešu Jurģis un Jersikas Evaņģēlijs by Roberts Feldmanis (Latvian). Jersika was never referred to as Gorodishche and was a castle under the control of the Archbishop of Riga at the time.