Solly Zuckerman

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Solly Zuckerman ( Tobruk 1943)

Solly Zuckerman (from 1956 Sir Solly Zuckerman , from 1971 Solly Zuckerman, Baron Zuckerman ; born May 30, 1904 in Cape Town , South Africa ; died April 1, 1993 in London ) was a British government adviser, anatomist, zoologist and science advisor.

Live and act

Zuckerman began his career in 1928 with the London Zoological Society of London and worked as an anatomist until 1932.

During the Second World War , he carried out several research projects for the British government, including those relating to the construction of bombs that are particularly effective at damaging people and buildings, and an assessment of the bombing ( Operation Corkscrew ) of the Italian island of Pantelleria in 1943.

After the war, Zuckerman first became Scientific Director of the British Bombing Survey Unit . In September 1946 he left the military and became professor of anatomy at the University of Birmingham (1946-68). On January 2, 1956, he was knighted as a Knight Bachelor . Sir Solly was Senior Scientific Adviser to the UK Ministry of Defense in 1960 and then Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government (1964–1971).

Zuckerman was against the nuclear arms race . This attitude was based on his experiences during World War II.

He taught at three different universities: the University of Oxford (1934–1945), University of Birmingham (1946–1968) and the University of East Anglia (1969–1974).

As secretary of the Zoological Society of London (ZSL), which operates the London Zoo , from 1955 to 1977 and as its president from 1977 to 1984, he founded the Institute for Comparative Physiology in 1962 and the Institute for Comparative Medicine in 1964. He showed a less fortunate hand in the development of the zoo. Under his leadership, expensive and architecturally sensational buildings such as the elephant house and the Snowdon aviary were not very suitable for keeping animals. With his conservative attitude he drove progressive zoologists like Desmond Morris from the zoo and spoke out against species protection in zoos during the world conference on the breeding of threatened animal species in captivity (1976). As a result, the zoo lost more and more international prestige and visitors and faced its closure several times in the 1980s.

Zuckerman was a pioneer in the study of primate behavior . His book The Social Life of Monkeys and Apes (1932) is now considered a standard work. He also made science a perfectly normal part of government policy in the western world.

In 1965 Zuckerman was elected to the American Philosophical Society and in 1970 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . On April 5, 1971, he was named a Life Peer , Baron Zuckerman , of Burnham Thorpe in the County of Norfolk . In 1943 he was accepted as a Fellow in the Royal Society , in 1964 as Knight Commander in the Order of the Bath and in 1968 in the Order of Merit .

He wrote two autobiographies: From Apes to Warlords (from 1904 to 1946) and Monkeys, Men and Missiles (from 1946 to 1988).

Works

  • The Social Life of Monkeys and Apes , London 1932 Digitized
    • Reissue of 1932 edition together with a Postscript. London 1981 (with Appendices)
  • Functional Affinities of Man, Monkeys, and Apes: A Study of the Bearings of Physiology and Behavior on the Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Lemurs, Monkeys, Apes, and Man, London, Kegan Paul 1933
  • Scientists and War The Impact of Science on Military and Civil Affairs. New York, Harper & Row 1967
  • Beyond the Ivory Tower The Frontiers of Public and Private Science. London, Scientific Book Club, 1971
  • Zoological Society of London, 1826-1976 and Beyond (Zoological Society Symposium). New York, Academic Press 1976
  • (with Barbara J. Weir): The ovary 2nd ed. New York [u. a.], Academic Press 1977
    • Volume 1 General aspects
    • Volume 2 Physiology
    • Volume 3 Regulation of oogenesis and steroidogenesis
  • From Apes to Warlords: An Autobiography (1904-1946) , New York, Harper & Row 1978; ISBN 0060148071
  • Star wars in a nuclear world, London, Kimber 1986
  • Monkeys, Men and Missiles: An Autobiography 1946-88, London, Collins 1988; ISBN 0-00-217501-0 .
  • The Ape in Myth & Art, With a foreword by HRH The Duke of Edinburgh. This edition is limited to 1500 copies which have been printed on behalf of the Zoological Society of London. London, Verdigris Press 1998

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Solly Zuckerman , Internationales Biographisches Archiv 30/1993 of July 19, 1993 (st), in the Munzinger Archive , accessed on March 19, 2015 ( beginning of the article freely available)
  2. ↑ Member History: Lord Solly Zuckerman. American Philosophical Society, accessed December 12, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Zuckerman, Solly
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Zuckerman, Solly, Baron Zuckerman; Zuckerman, Sir Solly
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British government advisor, anatomist, zoologist and science advisor
DATE OF BIRTH May 30, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Cape Town , South Africa
DATE OF DEATH April 1, 1993
Place of death London