Lock point Russein
Map with all coordinates: 
The lock point Russein (army designation lock No. 2306) was a defensive position of the Swiss army . It is located east of Disentis / Mustér in the Vorderrhein Valley . It is the last blocking point on the axis between Chur and the Gotthard fortress area .
The blocking point was built from 1939, completed in 1945 and is considered a military historical monument of regional importance.
Lock point Russein
The blocking point consists of the Stalusa infantry fortress and the tank barrier (GPH) 1.2 km further down the valley, surrounded by six infantry bunkers.
The GPH «Madernal» is located on the left bank of the Rhine east of the hamlet Madernal ⊙ and on the right west of the hamlet Pardomat Dadens ⊙ . In addition to the construction of the «Toblerone» concrete humps, road and railway bridges were prepared as explosive objects. The lock point bears the name of the nearby Val Russein.
The blocking point was tasked with preventing access to the Oberalp and Lukmanier passes before Disentis / Mustér . It was protected by the following bunkers:
West of the GPH on the left bank of the Rhine:
- A 8713 “Madernal rear”, flanking work with two command posts disguised as a chalet: 1 infantry / anti-tank gun (Pak), 1 machine gun (Mg), 3 light machine guns (Lmg) ⊙
West of the GPH on the right bank of the Rhine:
East of the GPH (left bank of the Rhine) above the road:
- A 8715 «Ob Strasse», 1 Ik (Pak), 2 Mg, 2 Lmg ⊙
East of the GPH (left bank of the Rhine) below the road:
Stalusa Infantry Plant
During the height of the Cold War, the aim was to strengthen the barrier by building the "Lumpegna Stalusa" infantry plant with two fortress mine throwers. The work A 8717 "Stalusa" ⊙ is located 2.5 km northeast of Disentis / Muster and was built in 1967 in support of the dam site "Russein".
The armament consists of two 8.1 cm fortress mine launchers with loopholes for assault rifles and submachine guns in the entrance area. The bow weapons with a range of four kilometers support the GPH «Madernal».
The infrastructure includes the engine room, kitchen with lounge, wash and toilet facilities, filter system with nuclear protection, fire control station, telephone switchboard, command room, ammunition magazine, officers' quarters with 6 seats, crew accommodation with 18 seats and a reservoir for 20 cubic meters of water.
Fortezia Stalusa Museum
The "Fortezia Stalusa" association, founded in 2008, made the work accessible to the public. It gives an insight into Switzerland's role during the Cold War and the importance of a fortress during this period. Stalusa is in its original state and not disarmed.
In May 2015 the infantry bunker A 8713 "Madernal rear" was opened as an extension of the fortress museum. He is armed with the original armament.
The facility is open every first Sunday of the month from 3 p.m. for guided tours without registration. The meeting point is in front of the facility. The tour leads through tunnels, gun emplacements, accommodation and ammunition cavern and takes around 90 minutes. An important exhibition of infantry weapons is housed in the ammunition cavern.
Lock point Lukmanier
The Lukmanier lock (army designation lock no. 2320) is located on the territory of the cantons of Ticino and Graubünden with the canton border at the Lukmanier pass . They had to block access from Ticino via the north-south axis of the Lukmanier Pass towards Gotthard and the Vorderrheintal.
During the Second World War, Mountain Division 9 was tasked with securing the Gotthard area including the Lukmanier Pass. The old Lukmanierpass road in the valley floor was paved by the construction office of Mountain Division 9 in the vicinity of Alp Stgegia, Val Rondadura and the Santa Maria hospice. When the Santa Maria reservoir was completed in 1968, the Santa Maria Ost A 8702 bunker and the old road in the reservoir disappeared. The counterwork Santa Maria West A 8703 is around 10 meters above the reservoir.
With the reorganization of the fortress artillery, from 1948 the fortress brigade 23 (Gotthard brigade ) with the fortress artillery company 29 and for the infantry the fortress company IV / 5 were responsible for the Lukmanier.
- Infantry factory Hospice A 8700 ⊙
- Infantry Hospice A 8701 ⊙
- Felswerk Santa Maria Ost A 8702 (covered by the reservoir)
- Rockwork Santa Maria West A 8703: two Mg ⊙
- Felswerk Stgegia-West A 8704: field cannon, Mg, Lmg ⊙
- Felswerk Stgegia-Ost A 8705: field cannon, Mg, Lmg ⊙
- Terrain tank obstacle Stgegia T XXXX ⊙
- Military shelter ⊙
- Military shelter ⊙
literature
- Peter Baumgartner, Hans Stäbler: Fortified Graubünden. Wolves in sheep's clothing. Military History Foundation Graubünden, Chur 2006 ISBN 978-3-85637-321-4 . Extended edition Verlag Desertina, Chur 2016, ISBN 978-3-85637-485-3 .
- In: Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport (ed.): Military monuments in the canton of Graubünden
Web links
- Official website of the Stalusa Fortress
- Video of the Stalusa plant
- Tagesanzeiger of June 21, 2011: Last shots from the beast
- NZZ of June 22, 2011: "Bisons" are withdrawing from the Swiss Alps
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fortress Oberland: Sperrstelle Russein GR
- ↑ Fortress Museum Lock Trin: Lock Russein 2306
- ↑ Stalusa Fortress
- ↑ Flyer fortress Stalusa
- ↑ bunker friends: Sperrstelle Lukmanier
- ↑ Little porcupine: barrier Lukmanier GR
- ^ Fortress Oberland: Lock Lukmanier
- ↑ Fortified Graubünden 1941
Coordinates: 46 ° 42 '56.6 " N , 8 ° 53' 0.9" E ; CH1903: 710,474 / one hundred and seventy-four thousand eight hundred fifty-two