Sphenomorphinae
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Sphenomorphus cumingi |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Sphenomorphinae | ||||||||||||
| Welch , 1982 |
The Sphenomorphinae are the most species-rich subfamily of the Skinke (Scincidae). With the exception of South America, it occurs almost worldwide in all tropical and subtropical areas. The main distribution area with more than 230 species in 23 genera is Australia. Southeast Asia is the second most species-rich area.
features
Diagnostic features of the Sphenomorphinae are nine teeth on the premaxillary (less in Ctenotus and burrowing species), an open Meckelian furrow (an opening in the middle (inner) surface of the lower jaw, from which the Meckel's cartilage originates). The two parts of the pair of parietal bones ( os parietale ) touch each other behind the interparietal. The parietal bone is bounded along its posterior lateral edges by two or more temporal bones and the nuchal. The inner preanal scales overlap the outer ones, the scales on the top of the fourth toe stand in two or more rows that extend at least over half of the base of the toe. The iris is variable and either pale or as dark as the pupil. The hemipenis consists of a relatively long, thin base and then forks into two long, thin sections.
Systematics
The Sphenomorphinae include 563 species, which are assigned to the following genera:
- Anomalopus Duméril & Duméril, 1851
- Asymblepharus Eremchenko & Shcherbak, 1980
- Calyptotis De Vis, 1886
- Coeranoscincus Greer & Cogger, 1985
- Coggeria Couper, Covacevich, Marsterson & Shea, 1996
- Concinnia Wells & Wellington, 1984
- Ctenotus Storr, 1964
- Smooth night skink ( Eremiascincus Greer, 1979)
-
Eulamprus Fitzinger, 1843
- Blue Mountains water skink ( Eulamprus leuraensis )
- Fojia Greer & Simon, 1982
- Glaphyromorphus Wells & Wellington, 1984
- Hemiergis Wagler, 1830
- Insulasaurus Taylor, 1925
- Isopachys Lönnberg, 1916
- Kaestlea Eremchenko & Das, 2004
- Lankascincus Greer, 1991
- Larutia Böhme, 1981
- Leptoseps Greer, 1997
- Lerista Bell, 1833
- Lipinia Gray, 1845
- Nangura Covacevich, Couper & James, 1993
- Notoscincus Fuhn, 1969
- Ophioscincus Peters, 1874
- Otosaurus Gray, 1845
- Papuascincus Allison & Greer, 1986
- Parvoscincus Ferner, Brown & Greer, 1997
- Pinoyscincus Linkem , Diesmos & Brown, 2011
- Prasinohaema Greer, 1974
- Ristella Gray, 1839
- Saiphos Gray, 1839
- Scincella Mittleman, 1950
- Silvascincus Skinner, Hutchinson & Lee, 2013
- Forest skink ( Sphenomorphus Fitzinger, 1843)
- Tropidophorus Duméril & Bibron, 1839
- Tumbunascincus Skinner, Hutchinson & Lee, 2013
- Tytthoscincus Linkem , Diesmos & Brown, 2011
The subfamily Sphenomorphinae was established in 1982 by the herpetologist Kenneth RG Welch. In 2014, the herpetologist Stephen Blair Hedges suggested giving the group the rank of family (Sphenomorphidae).
annotation
literature
- S. Blair Hedges: The high-level classification of skinks (Reptilia, Squamata, Scincomorpha). Zootaxa 3765 (4): 317-338 (Feb. 19, 2014), doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.3765.4.2
Individual evidence
- ↑ Eric R. Pianka, Laurie J. Vitt: Lizards: Windows to the Evolution of Diversity (Organisms and Environments) . Page 213, University of California Press (2003), ISBN 0-52023-401-4
- ↑ Hedges (2014), p. 320.
- ↑ Sphenomorphinae in The Reptile Database , accessed June 13, 2015.
- ↑ Hedges (2014)