Spintherobolinae
| Spintherobolinae | ||||||||||||
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Amazon Spinther dalmata |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Spintherobolinae | ||||||||||||
| Mirande , 2018 |
The Spintherobolinae are a subfamily of the South American tetras (Characidae). It occurs with six species in tropical South America.
features
The species of the Spintherobolinae are small, elongated fish with a body length of 2 to 6 cm. Diagnostic features of the subfamily are the missing rhinosphenoid (a special cranial bone of some tetras ), the missing hemalia , an anal fin with three or less unbranched fin rays , the lack of contact between the ectopterygoid and the os quadratum . The ascending process of the premaxillary is short and extends only to the anterior end of the nasal . The maxillary is short and does not reach the posterior border of Meckel's cartilage . The teeth on the maxillary are conical and single-pointed.
The Spintherobolinae differ from all other subfamilies of the true tetra with the exception of the Aphyocharacinae and the Cheirodontinae by a single row of teeth on the premaxillary. The absence of the rhinosphenoid and a maximum of three unbranched anal fin rays ( vs. four to six) distinguish the Spintherobolinae from the Aphyocharacinae and the Cheirodontinae.
Genera and species
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Amazonspinther Bührnheim, Carvalho, Malabarba, & Weitzman, 2008
- Amazon spinach dalmata Bührnheim, Carvalho, Malabarba & Weitzman, 2008
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Atopomesus Myers, 1927
- Atopomesus pachyodus Myers, 1927
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Spintherobolus Eigenmann, 1911, ( type genus )
- Spintherobolus ankoseion Weitzman & Malabarba, 1999
- Spintherobolus broccae Myers, 1925
- Spintherobolus leptoura Weitzman & Malabarba, 1999
- Spintherobolus papilliferus Eigenmann, 1911
Systematics
The subfamily Spintherobolinae was only introduced in mid-2018 by the tetras expert Juan Marcos Mirande in a comprehensive revision of the systematics of the real tetras, after it had been clear since 2015 that the Amazon spinther and Spintherobolus , both genera were previously placed in the Cheirodontinae, are closely related and one have a relatively basal position in the cladogram of the real tetras.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d Juan Marcos Mirande (2018): Morphology, molecules and the phylogeny of Characidae (Teleostei, Characiformes). Cladistics, June 2018. doi: 10.1111 / cla.12345
- ↑ Bruno F. Melo, Ricardo C. Benine, Gabriel SC Silva, Gleisy S. Avelino, Claudio Oliveira: Molecular phylogeny of the Neotropical fish genus Tetragonopterus (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, November 2015, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2015.10.022