St. Nicholas (Reute)
The former parish church of St. Nicholas was built in the 15th century. Until 1972 it was in Reute, a district of Mittelbiberach in the Biberach district in Upper Swabia . In 1973, with the exception of the baroque church tower, it was replaced by a new building also dedicated to St. Nicholas.
history
_2.JPG)
_1.JPG)
The place Reute was first mentioned in a document on August 1, 1351. According to this document the selling pen Buchau the Church set to Mittelbiberach , the Widdumshof to Mittelbiberach and Maierhof to Reute to the hospital to Biberach . So the church of Mittelbiberach itself and everything that belonged to it were sold. Likewise, the right to appoint the clergyman, but also the duty to relocate him, entirely at the discretion of the patron. There is no evidence of a church or chapel in Reute from this period. A Reutener chapel was mentioned in 1478, but there was probably a chapel in the seven-property town before that. In a document from 1504 in the Biberach hospital, the priest Hans Schöffel von Biberach was given the free parish of Mittelbiberach.
In a document dated July 28, 1608, the committee of the Vogtei Mittelbiberach asked for the parishioners from Mittelbiberach, Oberdorf, Reute, Reutener Mühle, Schönenbuch, the Junker of Freyberg zu Zweifelsberg including his own, the Dautenmühle and part of the Flecken Grod existing parish clusters in In view of the constant growth of the congregation in the parish, appoint another priest and rebuild the little church in Reute, including the belfry and tower. This condition persisted for years. The Biberach hospital only repaired the bare essentials because the city and the hospital had turned to the new religion. But the Vogt von Mittelbiberach kept sending reminders to the hospital to have the necessary repairs carried out on the Reute chapel. These warnings became so dense around 1730 that the hospital could no longer find a way out to finally judge the Reutener Chapel in 1734, which meant that a new building was now necessary.
Another reason for the slow care was probably the small income of the church in Mittelbiberach. Magdalena Maier ended this deficiency with the foundation of a school and chaplaincy for the Reute chapel. Magdalena Maier, childless widow of Andreas Weber, zu Mittelbiberach, bequeathed her farm to this foundation with a value of 12,700 florins .
The executor of the will should be the rule and the pastor of Mittelbiberach. The pastor of Mittelbiberach received the right of patronage over the place in the same way as the rule. The subject of this foundation was the establishment of a charity house (Kaplaneihaus).
After all the difficulties, the bookbinder's son Wilhelm Clemens Martini from Biberach was recommended by the Abbot of Schussenried in 1767 and presented at this point. He remained chaplain from 1767 until he became pastor of Reute on the 1st Sunday of Advent in 1809. He died on March 8, 1811 and was buried in the new church in Reute.
With the appointment of a chaplain, the existence of the Reuten chapel was secured and an elevation to the parish was imminent. In 1810, the then Dean Steinhauser described the Reuten pastorate. … “The parish church was quite appropriate to its original purpose as a curatcaplanai chapel (field chaplaincy), but now too small, has no sacristy… it has to be extended by 16 shoes. But this is not subject to any difficulty, in which Baron Johann Baptist von Ulm has fully consented that the field chapel (pilgrimage chapel at the plague cemetery) should also be suppressed and for this purpose. "
The parish church of Reute was therefore inspected by Landmeister Atzel von Ehingen and the following determined: “Of the existing church, the sacrarium (the front part of the church, in which the high altar is) is to be used as the sacristy. The previous nave results in the so-called choir, used for the high altar and school children. A long house with 42 shoes is to be added to this choir, but it will be 2 shoes wider than the choir on both sides. The wooden church tower at that time, which stood at the end of the church, now has to be built next to the sacristy. At the end of the church, the gallery will be expanded and a special room will be built for the organ and the choirboys. "
The new pastor Schorer reported in the parish chronicle about the building trade: “On July 2nd, the field chapel began to be demolished, and in order to prevent any disorder of the Mittelbiberach women who wanted to oppose them illegally, the police and land riders were summoned to the square been…. “The population of Mittelbiberach did not agree at all that the field chapel with the miraculous image of Mary of Consolation should be removed. All attempts to keep the chapel failed and they were not allowed to buy the chapel themselves. The pilgrimage was officially canceled by demolishing the chapel. That was the only way to see the end. The fact that the neighboring municipality of Reute had to demolish this gem did not exactly improve the relationship to the Reuten population. In 1811 Pastor Schorer wrote that the church was very poorly developed and so it came about that ten defects were to be found during the visit that still had to be improved. But the repairs to the church never stopped. On January 30, 1814, the staircase to the gallery broke down from its beams, because it was only worked with Pforsand, water and stones in the wall. It took until the summer to get the money for this repair. “But when you went to build, you found the stuff even more; it would have been waiting for a short time if the whole gallery would have collapsed. ”In October 1814, repairs were made to the church again, and the roof was repaired again. In 1837 a new platform was built on the gallery. So various building and beautification measures are lined up over many years. In 1909 the church roof was supposed to be repaired and turned over again. The attic should be better hung with new cross and longitudinal beams, the support points of which were partially rotten. The appearance of the Reuten church had now changed significantly for its 100th anniversary.
The new Building
The constant repairs and improvements to the church building were a bottomless pit. In 1971 the parish council and pastor Wieland faced a necessary renovation again. The unanimous judgment of the Episcopal Authority, the Diocesan Art Association and the State Preservation of Monuments, which also refrained from “renovation”, recommended a new building. So the - age-related - protected building was released for demolition immediately and without difficulty.
All deliberations of the former parish council (and the pastor) were originally based on no other intention and ended with the realization that this was unreal: With more than half of the new construction costs, including the long-term ineffective attempt to dehumidify the masonry (the Saltpetre walls could be seen from the outside and inside), even with the size of the community at that time, apart from its growth, insufficient space with insufficient value would have been created - the expensive money would have been wasted.
So the parish council finally dared to demolish the old church in order to build a new church in the same place. With this project, the municipality of Reute had set itself an enormous task in relation to its size. With wise foresight, they had eagerly collected since 1964 and had actually already raised three quarters of the promised sum. The remaining costs were covered by the official budget and a grant from the diocese. From Easter 1972 the old building was demolished except for the baroque tower. The new building was inaugurated on June 24, 1973.
Web links
- Reute [Altgemeinde / Teilort] on www.leo-bw.de, accessed on January 28, 2017
Coordinates: 48 ° 4 ′ 5 ″ N , 9 ° 45 ′ 37 ″ E