State Lexicon of the Görres Society

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The state lexicon of the Görres-Gesellschaft is a multi-volume technical lexicon on the subjects of law, economy and society. The first volume of the first edition appeared in 1889, the eighth, completely new edition is in the making. The joint editors are the Görres Society and the Herder publishing house .

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First edition

The 1st edition, published 1889-1896, comprised 5 volumes and was created under the direction of Adolf Bruder. The State Lexicon was initiated in 1877 by the first president of the Görres Society, Georg Freiherr von Hertling , out of the situation of the Kulturkampf . It brought together Christian legal, political and economic views on the basis of the scholastic theory of natural law . It thus established Christian-Catholic positions in relation to the two previously published bourgeois-liberal state encyclopedias by Rotteck / Welcker and Bluntschli . The content and scope of the articles were mostly determined by the staff, not the editors, so that the 1st edition was less of a lexicon and more of a loose collection of articles.

Second edition

The 2nd edition, published 1901–1904, also comprised 5 volumes and was edited by Julius Bachem . In this edition, some of the church-political contributions from the first edition were replaced, but many planned changes (weakening the character of a legal lexicon, streamlining state articles, especially to include statistics and geographical content, expansion of intellectual-cultural and public-law aspects in the constitution and administration) were omitted . The biographies, which have since become an integral part of the State Lexicon, have been greatly expanded.

Third and fourth editions

The next edition appeared between 1908 and 1912 again in 5 volumes, in the first three volumes as the “third edition”, after the economic success of these volumes from the fourth volume as the “third, newly edited and fourth edition”. The first four volumes were edited by Julius Bachem, the fifth also by Hermann Sacher, lexicon editor of the Herder publishing house, who had been working on the work since the second volume. New authors have been recruited for this edition and many articles have been fundamentally revised or rewritten. The editions of the state lexicon before the First World War provided material for the self-constitution of German Catholicism , for its basic spiritual and ideological orientation and for gaining its social freedom.

Fifth edition

The 5th edition reflects the cultural self-confidence of German Catholicism during the Weimar period . It was published between 1927 and 1932 and was created under the direction of Hermann Sacher. Both the scope (although still 5 volumes) and the number of employees have been expanded. For the first time, lexical criteria were consistently applied during processing. Great emphasis was placed on the clarity of the texts and their scientific thoroughness, consistency of the articles in the principles and the value of the lexicon for the foreseeable future. The edition was not limited to the political sciences, but also dealt increasingly with socio-political, economic and cultural issues against the background of the Weimar Republic. From 1933 there had been conflicts with the National Socialist regime over the State Lexicon until its distribution was finally banned and it was removed from public libraries.

Sixth edition

The 6th edition was published between 1957 and 1963 with a significantly expanded scope, initially in eight volumes under the direction of Clemens Bauer . This edition is shaped by the experience with the injustice state of the Third Reich and bears the traces of the Adenauer and post-war era. On the one hand, it refrained from presenting the political and cultural self-confidence of German Catholics and, on the other hand, expanded the work into an encyclopedia of the social sciences. This is also expressed in the new subtitle “Law, Economy, Society”. The theological and scientific changes as a result of the Second Vatican Council and political changes in the late 1960s were reflected in the three supplementary volumes published under the direction of Paul Mikat in 1969 and 1970.

Seventh edition

The 7th edition appeared under the direction of Paul Mikat in its basic work of volumes one to five between 1985 and 1989. The “States of the World” followed, for the first time separately, as volumes six and seven in 1991 and 1992. The aim of this edition was one To convey basic orientation for all socially and politically relevant topics, taking into account important areas of natural sciences and medicine as well as educational sciences. In principle, the necessary interdependence of scientific questions and perspectives should be taken into account throughout. Theological, philosophical and historical topics should remain the basic framework. The lexicon was still committed to Christianity in its basics and was particularly oriented towards the Catholic world of life and thought.

Eighth edition

For the 8th edition, the publication period is planned from 2017 to 2021; the third volume ("Herrschaft - Migration") was published in 2019. The lexicon does not take over any articles from previous editions, it is completely new. Five volumes with approx. 1800 peer-reviewed articles from the disciplines of history, communication studies, education, philosophy, political science, law, social ethics, sociology, theology and economics. For the first time, the State Lexicon is also appearing in electronic formats as an app , e-book and online lexicon ( open access ).

The 8th edition, under the editorial management of Heinrich Oberreuter, focuses on the key points of the state lexicon: law, economy, society. New topics compared to the seventh edition include:

  • Politically: the changes after the end of the Cold War, EU growth and crisis, terrorism and migration
  • Socially: changing values ​​and secularization, individualization, pluralization, demographic change, liberalization of ways of life
  • Economical: Globalization, differentiation of consumption preferences, welfare state performance potentials and expectations, financial crisis of the EU
  • digitalization

Programmatically, a greater depth of information than edition 7 and a more comprehensive orientation and assessment of the facts should be offered. There will continue to be detailed articles on the German-speaking countries; the rest of the world will not be presented. With the eighth edition, the Görres Society also combines tactical publishing calculations: the Society’s young scientists should have the opportunity to write their own scientific publications at an early stage.

Staatslexikon, Edition 1, 1889–1897, 5 volumes
tape Band limits Publishing year Editorial management
part 1 Aargau - Corpus iuris 1889 Adolf brother
Volume 2 Costarica - major cities 1892 Adolf brother
Volume 3 Grotius - economy 1894 Adolf brother
Volume 4 Austria-Hungary - Switzerland 1895 Adolf brother
Volume 5 Schwerin - intermediate ruler 1897 Adolf brother, Julius Bachem
Staatslexikon, Edition 2, 1901–1904, 5 volumes
part 1 Aargau - German Empire 1901 Julius Bachem
Volume 2 Service secrecy - Army 1901 Julius Bachem
Volume 3 Hegel - Mormons 1902 Julius Bachem
Volume 4 Möser - Sismondi 1903 Julius Bachem
Volume 5 Custom - intermediate rulers 1904 Julius Bachem
Staatslexikon, edition 3/4, 1908–1912, 5 volumes, from volume 4 also 4th edition (unchanged reprint of 3rd edition)
part 1 Abandon - Alsace-Lorraine 1908 Julius Bachem
Volume 2 Parents - Kant 1909 Julius Bachem
Volume 3 Privateer - passport control 1910 Julius Bachem
Volume 4 Patent Law - State Examinations 1911 Julius Bachem
Volume 5 State Council - duel, addenda 1912 Julius Bachem, Hermann Sacher
Staatslexikon, edition 5, 1927–1932, 5 volumes
part 1 Abel - Fideikommiss 1926 Hermann Sacher
Volume 2 Film - capitalism 1927 Hermann Sacher
Volume 3 Capitalism - Pan-Slavism 1929 Hermann Sacher
Volume 4 Paper money - national debt 1931 Hermann Sacher
Volume 5 State Socialism - Inter-Church Law, Supplements 1932 Hermann Sacher
State Lexicon: Law - Economy - Society, 6th edition, 1957–1963 and 1969–1970, 8 volumes, 3 supplementary volumes
part 1 Abbe - Beyerle 1957 Clemens Bauer
Volume 2 Relationship theory - inheritance law 1958 Clemens Bauer
Volume 3 Inheritance tax - Harzburg Front 1959 Clemens Bauer
Volume 4 Hauriou - consumption 1959 Clemens Bauer
Volume 5 Consumer Credit - Ecumenical Movement 1960 Clemens Bauer
Volume 6 Oligopoly - Switzerland 1961 Clemens Bauer
Volume 7 Circuit Court - Venezuela 1962 Clemens Bauer
Volume 8 Associations - Cyprus: Supplements 1963 Clemens Bauer
Volume 9 Supplementary Volume 1: Disarmament - Financial Constitution 1969 Paul Mikat
Volume 10 Supplementary volume 2: Foerster - practical philosophy 1970 Paul Mikat
Volume 11 Supplementary volume 3: Presidential Government to Future Research, Supplements, Register 1970 Paul Mikat
State encyclopedia: Law - Economy - Society, 7th edition, 1985–1989 and 1991–1992, 7 volumes
part 1 Occident - German party 1985 Paul Mikat
Volume 2 German Caritas Association - Universities 1986 Paul Mikat
Volume 3 Hoffmann - Natural Law 1987 Paul Mikat
Volume 4 Nature conservation and landscape management - social assistance 1988 Paul Mikat
Volume 5 Social indicators - Zwingli 1989 Paul Mikat
Volume 6 The states of the world - 1. Global perspectives, Europe - America 1991 Paul Mikat
Volume 7 The countries of the world: 2. Africa - Asia - Australia - Oceania - Antarctica 1993 Paul Mikat
Staatslexikon: Law - Economy - Society, edition 8, 2017–2021, 6 volumes
part 1 ABC weapons - volunteering, provisional list of abbreviations as an attachment 2017 Heinrich Oberreuter
Volume 2 Oath - hermeneutics 2018 Heinrich Oberreuter
Volume 3 Domination - migration 2019 Heinrich Oberreuter
Volume 4 Milieu - compulsory schooling 2020 Heinrich Oberreuter
Volume 5 School Law - World 2020 Heinrich Oberreuter
Volume 6 Worldview - Second Vatican Council 2021 Heinrich Oberreuter

literature

  • Hans Elmar Onnau: The literature of the Görres society for the care of science. A bibliography , 2 volumes, Paderborn 1980/2001.
  • Hans-Jürgen Becker: The state as reflected in the state lexica . In: Historisches Jahrbuch , vol. 121 (2001), pp. 367-399.

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Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Editor Staatslexikon: Preliminary report on the first edition, in: Staatslexikon 2 , Vol. 1, Freiburg 1901, V.
  2. ↑ Carl von Rotteck / Carl Welcker (ed.): Staatslexikon: Enzyklopaedie der Staatswissenschaften, 15 vol., Altona 1834–1843.
  3. ↑ Johann C. Bluntschli / Karl Brater (ed.): German State Dictionary, 12 vols., Stuttgart / Leipzig 1857-1870.
  4. ↑ cf. Editor Staatslexikon: Preliminary report on the second edition, in: Staatslexikon 2 , Vol. 1, Freiburg 1901, VII.
  5. ^ Hans-Jürgen Becker: The state in the mirror of the state encyclopedias, in: Historisches Jahrbuch 121 (2001), 367-399, 375.
  6. ^ Hans-Jürgen Becker: The state in the mirror of the state encyclopedias, in: Historisches Jahrbuch 121 (2001), 367-399, 375.
  7. ^ Friedrich Andrae: The State Lexicon becomes more democratic: Görres' heirs move with the times, in: Die Zeit, 42/1970. ( https://www.zeit.de/1970/42/das-staatslexikon-wird-demokratischer accessed on May 8, 2018)
  8. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Becker: The state in the mirror of the state lexica, in: Historisches Jahrbuch 121 (2001), 367-399, 377.
  9. ↑ Bernd Engler, Heinrich Oberreuter: Answers to the challenges of the present: Foreword, in: Staatslexikon 8 , Vol. 1, VI.
  10. ^ Eva Maria Streier: The Görres Society is repositioning itself, in: Herder Korrespondenz 12/2015, 657–659. ( https://www.herder-korrespondenz.de/heftarchiv/69-jahrgang-2015/heft-12-2015/bonner-generalammlung-setzt-empfänger-aus-der-evaluation-um-die-goerres-gesellschaft-stell -sich-neu-auf ( accessed on May 8, 2018)