Stachelauer Hut

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The Stachelauer Hütte was a copper hut near Stachelau (near Olpe ) that was built in the 16th century . It existed until the 19th century. In addition, a metal smelter was built in the middle of the 19th century, which for a few decades produced lead and at times also mercury.

Early modern age

The Stachelauer Hütte mainly processed the copper ore extracted from the Rhonaderzug . The hut was first mentioned in writing in 1593. The structure of the hut should have happened some time before. Elector Ernst von Bayern and Drost Caspar von Fürstenberg visited the hut several times at the beginning of the 17th century. The effects of the Thirty Years' War did not permanently interrupt the operation of the hut. In Schatzungsregister of 1649 several were mentioned with the cottage connected persons. Information on the inhabitants of the Stachelauer Hütte is missing for 1687. It is not clear whether operations were interrupted in the meantime. In a report from 1687 it is said that the facilities had fallen into disrepair. Instead of two melting furnaces, one melting furnace and one cooking furnace were still in operation.

With the boom in mining at the time of Jobst Edmund von Brabeck , the importance of the hut increased again. It was at the same time the center of the administration of the mining interests of the von Brabeck in the area Olpe under the direction of Johann Wilhelm Freusberg. In a hymn of praise to the Hildesheim prince-bishop von Brabeck of the Attendorn Franciscan monastery from the year 1700, there is a description of the work process on the hut. The Bernhard Weber factor found the furnaces too low in comparison with those in the Harz and Saxony , but found them to be the " best introduced in all" these areas "because of the" gritty, hot copper ores " .

Overall, production seems to have increased in the second half of the 18th century. In 1735, it was very small at just 18 hundredweight. A maximum value was reached in 1743 with 725 quintals. Between 1768 and 1789 the average value was 300 quintals. The maximum was 1000 quintals. The proceeds averaged 32 1/3 Reichstaler per hundredweight. Friedrich August Alexander Eversmann reported at the beginning of the 19th century that the quality suffered due to arsenic in the rock. In 1804, two melting furnaces were in operation. The copper was mainly delivered to the distant Nuremberg . Depending on the quality, between 36 and 64 Reichstaler per hundredweight could be achieved. The Oberbergamt Bonn stated at the end of the 19th century that with two Krummöfen and one cooking stove, when the mines were owned by the von Brabeck, copper would have been produced for 150,000 marks.

19th century

The von Brabecks sold the hut to their factor Weber in 1809. He converted a furnace into a blast furnace for the production of iron. The mining of copper ore on the Rhonard had declined sharply. It was mainly the slag heaps that were dismantled with around ten to twelve men. In addition to copper, iron ore in particular was extracted, which was of little interest to the old mining industry. Ores from the Altenberg mine near Wenden were also smelted. There was a crooked oven, a cooking stove, four rust stalls and a bellows fan. At the end of the 1850s, copper production was only 60 quintals. For comparison: The Stadtberger Hütte in Marsberg produced 2,312 quintals of copper. The blast furnace used for iron production was described as old by Wilhelm Ludwig Jakobi . This had been increased to 27 feet. It was designed in two shapes and had a cylinder fan with two cylinders and air heating devices. The hut was closed in 1861.

A metal smelter for the production of lead was built at a slightly different location in 1852. During the short-lived cinnabar mining on the Rhonarderzug in the 1860s, this was equipped with special furnaces for the production of mercury. Mercury production ended in 1878.

The hut's administration building, dating from 1754, was demolished in 1961. It was in danger of collapsing, but above all had to give way to road construction.

literature

  • Winfried Reininghaus, Reinhard Köhne: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. Münster 2008, p. 340 f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Winfried Reininghaus, Reinhard Köhne: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. Münster 2008 v. a. P. 340 f.
  2. ↑ Friedrich August Eversmann: Overview of iron and steel production on waterworks in the countries between Lahn and Lippe. Dortmund 1804, p. 99.
  3. ^ Description of the mountain areas Arnsberg, Brilon and Olpe as well as the principalities of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Bonn 1890, p. 103.
  4. ^ Winfried Reininghaus, Reinhard Köhne: Mining, smelting and hammer works in the Duchy of Westphalia in the Middle Ages and the early modern period. Münster 2008, p. 341.
  5. ^ Wilhelm Ludwig Jakobi: The mining, metallurgy and trade in the administrative district of Arnsberg. Iserlohn 1857, p. 155.
  6. ^ Journal of mining, metallurgy and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume 4, Berlin 1857, p. 220.
  7. ^ Wilhelm Ludwig Jakobi: The mining, metallurgy and trade in the administrative district of Arnsberg. Iserlohn 1857, p. 141.
  8. ↑ Boris Brosowski: Basic features of industrialization in the southern Sauerland in the second half of the 19th century. Olpe 1994, p. 50.

Coordinates: 51 ° 2 '2.2 "  N , 7 ° 53' 38.4"  E