Stolidobranchia

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Stolidobranchia
Gold sea squirt (Polycarpa aurata), including the white bogfish Triphyllozoon inornatum.

Gold sea squirt ( Polycarpa aurata ), including the white bogfish Triphyllozoon inornatum .

Systematics
Over trunk : Neumünder (Deuterostomia)
Trunk : Chordates (chordata)
Sub-stem : Tunicates (urochordata)
Class : Sea squirts (Ascidiae)
Order : Pleurogona
Subordination : Stolidobranchia
Scientific name
Stolidobranchia
Lahille , 1887

The stolidobranchia ( size : gill intestine with runners) or pleurogona are sessile living tunicates (Tunicata, Urochordata) and are therefore counted in the traditional system of the class of " sea ​​squirts " (Ascidiacea). The animals are sometimes very common. In the red algae zone of the western Baltic Sea, the seaweed berry ( Dendrodoa grossularia ) accounts for three quarters of the total zoo .

features

Most of the species in the group, e.g. B. the Red Sea Squirt , which lives in the Mediterranean , are solitary and grow relatively large. There are species that form hive in the family Styelidae. Your body is not articulated, the intestines lie to the side of the gill intestine , which is traversed by longitudinal vessels and folds. The unpaired gonads lie on the left and right of the body wall, the cloacal cavity develops from an unpaired dorsal invagination.

External system

The colonial species Botrylloides violaceus

According to DNA sequence analyzes, the sea ​​squirts do not form a monophylum . A cladogram shows the probable actual relationship of the tunicates. The Stolidobranchia are the basal sister group of all other tunicate taxa:

  Tunicates  

 Stolidobranchia  ("sea squirts")


   


 Phlebobranchia  ("sea squirts")


   

 Salps  (Thaliacea)



   

 Aplousobranchia  ("sea squirts")


   

 Appendicularia  (Larvacea)





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Familys

literature

  • Wilfried Westheide & Reinhard Rieger: Special Zoology Part 1: Protozoa and Invertebrates , 2nd Edition, Spectrum Academic Publishing House Heidelberg • Berlin, 2007, ISBN 3-8274-1575-6
  • Volker Storch, Ulrich Welsch: Systematic Zoology , Fischer, 1997, ISBN 3-437-25160-0
  • K. Deckert, Gisela Deckert , GE Freytag, G. Peters, G. Sterba: Urania animal kingdom, fish, amphibians, reptiles. Urania-Verlag, 1991, ISBN 3-332-00376-3 .

Web links

Commons : Pleurogona  - collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Gittenberger, A., Monniot, C. (2010). Stolidobranchia . In: World Ciliophora Database. World Register of Marine Species Stolidobranchia