Strada degli Eroi
The Strada degli Eroi (German street of the heroes ) is a street built by the Italian military in the 1930s on Monte Pasubio . It commemorates the twelve Italian soldiers who were awarded the Golden Medal of Bravery on the Pasubio during the First World War .
history
The Strada degli Eroi was built on an existing network of paths and roads that had been laid out by the Italian army during World War I. As in the case of the neighboring Strada delle 52 Gallerie , this network was used to quickly and safely transport troops and material from the Pasubio front. As early as 1916, the Italians built a mule track , which was quickly turned into a road, from the Passo Pian delle Fugazze through the Val di Fieno to the apex with the Val Canale. As the transition to and on into the Val Canale was in great danger of avalanches, a tunnel was driven into the ridge in the second half of 1916 that separates the two valleys. This tunnel was named in 1917 after General Giuseppe D'Havet, commander of the engineering troops of the 5th Army Corps at Pasubio .
The latter ordered the construction of a mule track in February 1917 that would lead from the Galleria D'Havet through the upper Val Canale to the El Milanin barracks , from which the Rifugio Achille Papa arose in the post-war period . This connecting route, which was partly laid through vertical rock walls by the 326th sappers company , had several bridges and a total of eleven tunnels and was similar to the Strada delle 52 gallery. In the post-war period up to the construction of the Strada degli Eroi it was therefore regarded as a natural continuation of the Strada delle Gallerie, so that one also spoke of the Strada delle 63 Gallerie . The work in the vertical rock face turned out to be difficult in some cases and the workers had to work on the route from above with a rope. At the end of 1917 the path was completed despite all the difficulties. A planned expansion to the driveway was no longer tackled because the war ended.
After the summit area of Monte Pasubio was declared a Zona Sacra (German sacred zone ) by royal decree in 1922, together with three other mountains that were heavily fought over during the war, Monte Grappa , Monte Sabotino and Monte S. Michele, the latter located near Gorizia on the Isonzo had been, the visitor interest in the former battlefield increased strongly. Supported by the fascist cult of the dead, battlefield tourism began to develop, which they wanted to counter with the construction of appropriate infrastructures, such as the expansion of the Rifugio Achille Papa.
With this in mind, the expansion of the path between Galleria D'Havet and Rifugio Papa to a driveway, which was planned during the war, began in 1937. The Galleria D'Havet was also expanded into a road tunnel. The construction work carried out by engineering troops on behalf of the Ministry of War was completed in 1938 and in June of the same year the approximately 2 km long road was ceremoniously opened.
Named the Route of Heroes, it commemorates the twelve Italian soldiers who were awarded the Golden Medal of Bravery on Pasubio during the war. It was open to traffic until the 1990s. Since then, only shuttle buses have run from Passo Pian delle Fugazze to Galleria D'Havet in the summer months.
description
Strada degli Eroi only refers to the 2 km long stretch of road in the Val Canale between the Galleria D'Havet and the Rifugio Papa, which opened in 1938. In the course of time, however, it has become common practice to include the much longer section between the Passo Pian delle Fugazze 1163 m slm and the Galleria D'Havet 1797 m slm in the Strada degli Eroi.
The first approximately 8 km long section to the Galleria D'Havet runs on a natural road, only some of the twelve hairpin bends are tarred or concreted. With an average gradient of 10%, it starts out through the Val di Fieno. Above the Malga Fieno is the inconspicuous former building of the Austro-Hungarian finance station. The section ends in front of a smaller square at the tunnel portal of the Galleria D'Havet, which was completed in the 1980s, while the tunnel portal in Val Canale dates from 1938, as you can see from the memorial stones with the bundles of lictors . The border between the provinces of Trento and Vicenza runs along the tunnel, and until 1918 it was the imperial border between Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Italy .
The following two kilometers through the upper Val Canale to the Rifugio Papa represent the actual Strada degli Eroi. Twelve plaques distributed along the route commemorate the soldiers who were awarded the gold medal for bravery on Pasubio. These are: Cesare Battisti , Aldo Beltricco, Torquato Cardelli, Umberto Cerboni, Felice Chiarle, Fabio Filzi , Antonio Gioppi, Giordano Ottolini, Mario Rossani, Carlo Sabatini, Edoardo Suarez and Ferdinando Urli. After four more bends and four tunnels, the road ends after a total of 10.4 km at the Rifugio Papa just a few meters below the Porte del Pasubio saddle, the end point of the Strada degli Scarubbi .
Both the European long-distance hiking trail E5 and the Sentiero della Pace run along the Strada degli Eroi .
photos
Road stone at the beginning of the road at Passo Pian delle Fugazze
The Val di Fieno a little above the Malga Fieno
The tunnel portal of the Galleria D'Havet in Val Canale
One of the four road tunnels in the last section
Memorial stone for Carlo Sabatini
literature
- Ecomuseo Grande Guerra Prealpi Vicentine (Ed.): Pasubio: Il monte più conteso . Marcolin, Schio 2014.
- Mario Ceola: Pasubio eroico . Museo storico italiano della guerra , Rovereto 1939 (unchanged new edition 1993).
- Gianni Pieropan, Luca Baldi: Guida al Pasubio: Escursioni - Itinerari storici - Gallerie - La grande guerra - La storia alpinistica . Edizioni Panorama, Trento n.d.
- Terenzio Sartore, Gianni Conforto: CAI di Schio: Cento anni. Uomini e montagne dal 1892 al 1992 . Club Alpino Italiano Sezione di Schio, Schio 1992.
Web links
- Claudio Gattera: Gruppo del Monte Pasubio: Indicazioni per una visita guidata (Italian) (PDF; 764 kB) accessed on September 20, 2018
Individual evidence
- ↑ Claudio Gattera p. 1
- ↑ a b Claudio Gattera p. 2
- ^ Terenzio Sartore, Gianni Conforto: CAI di Schio: Cento anni. Uomini e montagne dal 1892 al 1992 p. 272
- ↑ Ecomuseo Grande Guerra Prealpi Vicentine (ed.): Pasubio: Il monte più conteso o. P.
- ↑ Gianni Pieropan, Luca Baldi: Guida al Pasubio: Escursioni - Itinerari storici - Gallerie - La grande guerra - La storia alpinistica p. 68
- ↑ Gianni Pieropan, Luca Baldi: Guida al Pasubio: Escursioni - Itinerari storici - Gallerie - La grande guerra - La storia alpinistica p. 27
- ↑ Mario Ceola: Pasubio eroico pp 232-235
Coordinates: 45 ° 47 '3.8 " N , 11 ° 10' 48.4" E