Target (physics)
As a target ( English for target, attack target ), diffusing body or diffraction object is referred to in experiments, for example in particle accelerators , the matter that the particle is suspended. In physical experiments , targets can be solids , often thin foils , but also liquids or gases .
In technical terms, the word target is also used for the individual particles exposed to radiation (e.g. atomic nucleus).
Radiotherapy Targets
In linear accelerators in radiation therapy , a metal body is used which is inserted into the beam path after a deflection magnet. The energy of the accelerated electrons turns into 95% heat, slightly less than 5% X-ray brake radiation and X-ray radiation that is not very characteristic . For this reason, cooling is necessary, which dissipates the heat generated. When a diffuser is worn out , it must be checked for radioactivity and possibly stored in a decay room .
Thin film technology
In thin-film technology , targets made of solid bodies are used. They are atomized (on the surface) by particle bombardment and serve as the starting material for the desired layer on another solid body, the so-called substrate . Typical methods of physical vapor deposition in which scatterers are used are sputter deposition , electron beam , arc and laser beam evaporation .
literature
- Hanno Krieger: Radiation sources for technology and medicine. Vieweg + Teubner, 2005, ISBN 978-3-8351-0019-0 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ JD Jackson: Classical Electrodynamics. 4th edition, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2006, ISBN 978-3-11-018970-4 , p. 527 ( limited preview in the Google book search).