Suaedoideae

Suaedoideae
	Suaeda nigra
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Eudicotyledons
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order :	Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family :	Foxtail family (Amaranthaceae)
Subfamily :	Suaedoideae
Scientific name
	Suaedoideae
	Ulbr.

The Suaedoideae are a subfamily in the foxtail family (Amaranthaceae). They used to be part of the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae).

Suaeda maritima

description

The leaves of the Suaedoideae always have a developed leaf surface. In the leaf cross-section there is a central and many lateral vascular bundles (exception Bienertia ). At the base, the leaves neither run down the stem, nor do they encompass the stem. The inflorescences are axillary cymes. The flowers are free in the axils of the bracts, bracts are also present. The inflorescence consists of five tepals, which are more or less connected at the base. The number of stamens is five. In the semen there is usually no nutrient tissue, the spiral embryo fills the semen completely.

distribution

The Suaedoideae are distributed almost worldwide. They are important components of the vegetation of salty habitats on coasts and inland. They are particularly common in dry (arid) areas.

Photosynthetic pathway

Among the Suaedoideae there are about as many C ₃ plants as there are C ₄ plants . In the evolution of the subfamily, the C ₄ photosynthetic pathway arose several times independently of one another: twice with wreath anatomy in Suaeda section Salsina and Suaeda section Schoberia , surprisingly without wreath anatomy in Bienertia and in Suaeda section Borszczowia . Here, the C ₄ synthesis pathways take place without spatial distribution in a single cell type ("single cell C ₄ ") .

Consist of Bienertia sinuspersici

Suaeda calceoliformis

Suaeda fruticosa

Systematics

The Suaedoideae are divided into two tribes:

Tribus Bienertieae Ulbr. : With the only genus:
- Bienertia Bunge ex Boiss. : With three species found from Europe to Iran and Central Asia:
  - Bienertia cycloptera Bunge ex Boiss.
  - Bienertia sinuspersici Akhani
  - Bienertia kavirense Akhani
Tribus Suaedeae : With a genus:
- Soden ( Suaeda Forssk. Ex JFGmel. , Including Alexandra Bunge and Borszczowia Bunge ): With around 82 species almost worldwide. The genus is further divided into:
  - Subgenus Brezia (Moq.) Friday & Sagittarius
    - Section Brezia (Moq.) Volk
  - Subgenus Suaeda
    - Section Alexandra (Bunge) Kapralow et al.
    - Section Borszczowia (Bunge) Friday & Sagittarius
    - Physophora Ilyin's section

literature

Maxim V. Kapralov, Hossein Akhani, Elena V. Voznesenskaya, Gerald Edwards, Vincent Franceschi & Eric H. Roalson: Phylogenetic Relationships in the Salicornioideae / Suaedoideae / Salsoloideae sl (Chenopodiaceae) Clade and a Clarification of the Phylogenetic Position of Bienertia and Alexandra Multiple DNA Sequence Datasets , In: Systematic Botany , volume 31 (3), 2006, pp. 571-585. (Sections description, distribution, systematics)

Individual evidence

↑ Gudrun Kadereit, Thomas Borsch, K. Weising, and Helmut Freitag: Phylogeny of Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae and the evolution of C ₄ photosynthesis . - Int. J. Plant Sci. 164 (6), 2003, pp. 959-986.
^ David John Mabberley: Mabberley's Plant-Book. A portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses . 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press 2008. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4
↑ H. Akhani, T. Chatrenoor, M. Dehghani, R. Khoshravesh, P. Mahdavi, Z. Matinzadeh: A new species of Bienertia (Chenopodiaceae) from Iranian salt deserts: A third species of the genus and discovery of a fourth terrestrial C4 plant without wreath anatomy . In: Plant Biosystems, Volume 146, Iss. 3, 2012, pp. 550-559. doi : 10.1080 / 11263504.2012.662921 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c P. Schütze, Helmut Freitag & K. Weising: An integrated molecular and morphological study of the subfamily Suaedoideae Ulbr. (Chenopodiaceae) , In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 239, 2003, pp. 257-286. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-003-0013-2 .

Web links

Commons : Suaedoideae - collection of images, videos and audio files

[Kadereit2003-1] Gudrun Kadereit, Thomas Borsch, K. Weising, and Helmut Freitag: Phylogeny of Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae and the evolution of C ₄ photosynthesis . - Int. J. Plant Sci. 164 (6), 2003, pp. 959-986.

[Mabberley2008-2] David John Mabberley: Mabberley's Plant-Book. A portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses . 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press 2008. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4

[Akhani_2012-3] H. Akhani, T. Chatrenoor, M. Dehghani, R. Khoshravesh, P. Mahdavi, Z. Matinzadeh: A new species of Bienertia (Chenopodiaceae) from Iranian salt deserts: A third species of the genus and discovery of a fourth terrestrial C4 plant without wreath anatomy . In: Plant Biosystems, Volume 146, Iss. 3, 2012, pp. 550-559. doi : 10.1080 / 11263504.2012.662921 .

[Schütze-4] P. Schütze, Helmut Freitag & K. Weising: An integrated molecular and morphological study of the subfamily Suaedoideae Ulbr. (Chenopodiaceae) , In: Plant Systematics and Evolution , Volume 239, 2003, pp. 257-286. doi : 10.1007 / s00606-003-0013-2 .