Bog diaper snail

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Bog diaper snail
Pond snail (Vertigo antivertigo)

Pond snail ( Vertigo antivertigo )

Systematics
Subordination : Land snails (Stylommatophora)
Superfamily : Pupilloidea
Family : Diaper snails (Vertiginidae)
Subfamily : Vertigininae
Genre : Vertigo
Type : Bog diaper snail
Scientific name
Vertigo antivertigo
( Draparnaud , 1801)

The swamp-whorl snail ( Vertigo antivertigo ), also swamp whorl snail written is a snail of the family of vertiginidae (Vertiginidae) from the subordination of terrestrial snails (gastropod).

features

The right-hand winding, bulbous-egg-shaped shell of the marsh diaper snail is 1.7 to 2.35 mm high and 1.2 to 1.4 mm wide. It has four to five slightly arched coils, which are separated from each other by only a shallow seam. The whorls are only slightly curved on the periphery. The outside of the mouth is slightly curved. The shell is reinforced here by a strong, but indistinctly offset, rib-like structure running across the growth strips. Due to the weak indentation on the outside, the mouth is almost heart-shaped in outline. The edge of the mouth is slightly thickened and lipped, especially at the basal and spindle edges. Six to eleven teeth protrude into the mouth. Two parietal and two columellar teeth and two palatal teeth are almost always present.

The skin is translucent and brown to dark chestnut brown. The smooth surface of the case is shiny and has very fine, irregular growth stripes. The soft body is black and shines through the housing, giving the housing a blackish-red color.

In the male part of the genital apparatus, the prostate is small and is located near the protein gland. The vas deferens leading off from it is very long and winding and penetrates apically into the epiphallus. The transition between eopiphallus and penis is marked by a clear thickening. The penis is comparatively long. In the female part, the free fallopian tube is very long, and the vagina is also long. The spermathec has a very long, thin stem with a small rounded-elliptical reservoir. The atrium is very short.

Similar species

The shell of the marsh diaper snail is reminiscent of the shell of the bellied diaper snail ( Vertigo moulinsiana ). The latter, however, is more bulbous (name!), There are only four to five teeth in the mouth. The mouth of the marsh diaper snail is approximately heart-shaped in outline.

Distribution of the marsh diaper snail in Europe and Western Turkey (according to Welter-Schultes, 2012)

Geographical distribution and habitat

The area of ​​distribution of the marsh nappy snail stretches from Portugal and Ireland in the west, across central and southern Europe, and eastern Europe to the Transbaikal region of Siberia and northern Pakistan. In northern Europe it penetrates to the 63rd parallel, in the south to northwest Africa. In Switzerland it rises up to 1500 m, in Poland up to 900 m and in Bulgaria up to 1000 m above sea level.

The marsh nappy snail occurs in bog and marsh areas, in swampy meadows, on lake and river banks and also in regularly flooded floodplain areas. It needs constantly moist habitats and avoids habitats that dry out at least once during the year. It lives there under dead and rotting sedge and / or under the washed-up plant remains on the banks of the lake. It often occurs in large numbers in suitable biotopes. It climbs in high water and in autumn it climbs into the vegetation. It feeds on rotting parts of plants.

Reproduction

After observations in the field in Poland, animals that had overwintered already started to lay eggs in April. One egg was usually laid every day between May and August, and on some days two eggs were laid. In the wild, oviposition usually took 50 to 88 days. The number of eggs laid in one season varied from 6 to 184 (mean: 55 eggs). One animal laid a total of 218 eggs in two egg-laying periods. The egg diameter is 0.55 to 0.78 mm (mean: 0.648 mm). The eggs differ from the eggs of the other Vertigo species in that they have an additional layer of mucus that is 0.03 to 0.06 mm thick, sometimes even 0.1 mm thick. Most eggs were laid in the 1-cell stage, only a few eggs were somewhat more developed, which indicates development in the animal and retention of the eggs for 1 to 3 days. The development is strongly temperature dependent. At 27 ° the young hatch after 8 days, at 23 ° after 11 days and at 19 ° after 16 days and at 14 ° only after 68 days. The young animals had a housing with 1.2 to 1.3 coils. The surface of the embryonic shell is covered with fine, irregularly arranged tubercles. The growth of the young animals is very rapid and the animals reach adult size after just 26 to 45 days. 71% of the individuals hatched in one year became sexually mature in the same year. The hibernation is documented in the housing by a lighter streak of growth or injuries to the periostracum. The animals reach a maximum age of three years. Many die after a little over a year after the egg-laying season. In an October population, 65% of the individuals hatched in the same year, 23% in the previous year and 12% two years ago. The animals overwintered in the moss and dead plant material near the water.

Taxonomy

The taxon was first described by Jacques Philippe Raymond Draparnaud in 1801 as Pupa anti-vertigo . The species is widely recognized. The Fauna Europaea has numerous synonyms :

  • Vertigo (Dexiogira) antivertigo var. Aequidentata Pollonera 1885
  • Vertigo (Dexiogira) antivertigo var. Cisalpina Pollonera 1885
  • Vertigo antivertigo var. Cornea Locard 1881
  • Pupa antivertigo forma ferox Westerlund 1887
  • Vertigo (Dexiogira) antivertigo var. Irregularis Pollonera 1885
  • Vertigo antivertigo var. Novemplicata Locard 1881
  • Vertigo 8 dentata S. Studer 1820
  • Vertigo (Dexiogira) antivertigo var. Padana Pollonera 1885
  • Alaea palustris Jeffreys 1830
  • Pupa seminulum Westerlund 1871
  • Vertigo septemdentata A. Ferussac 1821
  • Turbo sexdentatus Montagu 1803
  • Vertigo sinuata Mousson 1873

Danger

In Germany, the population of the marsh nappy snail has declined sharply due to the drainage and destruction of wetlands and river and stream straightening. In Germany it is a kind of advance warning.

literature

  • Klaus Bogon: Land snails biology, ecology, biotope protection. 404 p., Natur Verlag, Augsburg 1990, ISBN 3-89440-002-1 (p. 107/8)
  • Rosina Fechter and Gerhard Falkner: molluscs. 287 p., Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10) ISBN 3-570-03414-3 (p. 142)
  • Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 (p. 91)
  • Stanisław Myzyk: Contribution to the biology of ten vertiginid species. Folia Malacologica, 19 (2): 55-80, Warsaw 2011 doi : 10.2478 / v10125-011-0004-9 .
  • Stanisław Myzyk: Egg structure of some vertiginid species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae). Folia Malacologica, 13 (4): 169–175 Abstract, full text only with registration
  • BM Pokryszko: The Vertiginidae of Poland (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Pupilloidea) - a systematic monograph. Annales Zoologici, 43 (8): 133-257, Warsaw 1990.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen H. Jungbluth and Dietrich von Knorre: Trivial names of land and freshwater mollusks in Germany (Gastropoda et Bivalvia). Mollusca, 26 (1): 105-156, Dresden 2008, ISSN  1864-5127 PDF  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / globiz.sachsen.de  
  2. ↑ a b Vollrath Wiese: The land snails of Germany. 352 pp., Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2014, ISBN 978-3-494-01551-4 (p. 70)
  3. ↑ Alexandru V. Grossu: Gastropoda Romaniae 2 Subclasa Pulmonata I Ordo Basommatophora II Ordo Stylommatophora Suprafamiliile: Succineacea, Cochlicopacea, Pupillacea. 443 S., Bucharest 1987, pp. 290-292.
  4. ↑ Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Göttingen, Planet Poster Ed., 2012 ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 , p. 125.
  5. ↑ Beata M. Pokryszko, Kurt Auffenberg, Jaroslav Č. Hlaváč, Fred Naggs: Pupilloidea of ​​Pakistan (Gastropoda: Pulmonata): Truncatellininae, Vertigininae, Gastrocoptinae, Pupillinae (In Part). Annales Zoologici, 59 (4): 423-458, 2009 doi : 10.3161 / 000345409X484847 .
  6. ↑ MB Seddon, DT Holyoak: Land gastropoda of NW. Africa. New distributional data and nomenclature. Journal of Conchology, 34: 311-323, 1993 abstract
  7. ^ Jacques Philippe Raymond Draparnaud: Tableau des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France. Pp. 1-116. Montpellier, Paris, Renaud; Bossange, Masson & Besson, 1801. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 57)
  8. ↑ AnimalBase: Vertigo antivertigo (Draparnaud, 1801)
  9. ↑ a b Fauna Europaea: Vertigo (Vertigo) antivertigo (Draparnaud , 1801) (accessed June 20, 2018)
  10. ↑ MolluscaBase: Vertigo antivertigo (Draparnaud, 1801)
  11. ↑ a b c d Carlo Pollonera: Elenco dei molluschi terrestri viventi in Piemonte. Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, 20 (5): 517-545, Turin 1885 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 528).
  12. ^ A b Arnould Locard: Catalog des mollusques vivants, terrestres et aquatiques du Département de l'Ain, par. Tiré à 100 copies. 151 S., Lyon, H. Georg 1881. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 85)
  13. ↑ Carl Agardh Westerlund: Fauna of the inland Conchylia living in the Palearctic region (Europe, Caucasia, Siberia, Turan, Persia, Kurdistan, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Syria, Arabia, Egypt, Tripoli, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco). III. Gene. Buliminus, Sesteria, Pupa, Stenogyra & Cionella. Pp. 1-183, 1-15, 1-26. Lund, Håkan Ohlsson, 1887 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 140).
  14. ↑ S. Studer: Short list of the conchylia discovered in our fatherland up to now. Natural Science Gazette of the General Swiss Society for the Whole Natural Sciences, 3: 83-90, 1820 Online at Google Books (p. 89)
  15. ^ John Gwyn Jeffreys: A synopsis on the testaceous pneumonobranchous Mollusca of Great Britain. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 16 (2): 323-392, London 1830. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 360)
  16. ^ A. Mousson: Coquilles recueillies par M. le Dr Sievers dans la Russie méridionale et asiatique. Journal de Conchyliologie, 21: 193–230, Pl. 7–8, Paris, 1873. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 213)
  17. ↑ JH Jungbluth, D. von Knorre (with the assistance of U. von Bössneck, K. Groh, E. Hackenberg, H. Kobialka, G. Körnig, H. Menzel-Harloff, H.-J. Niederhöfer, S. Petrick, K Schniebs, V. Wiese, W. Wimmer, ML Zettler): Red list of internal mollusks [snails (Gastropoda) and mussels (Bivalvia)] in Germany. Announcements of the German Malacoological Society, 81: 1-28, Frankfurt / M. 2009 (p. 13) PDF ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (1.3 MB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dmg.mollusca.de