Susanna Orelli-Rinderknecht

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Susanna Orelli

Susanna Orelli-Rinderknecht (born December 27, 1845 in Oberstrass , † January 12, 1939 in Zurich ) was a representative of the Swiss abstinence movement and founder of the Zurich Women's Association .

Life

Susanna Rinderknecht was the fifth daughter of a wealthy farming family in Oberstrasse. After elementary school, she completed various home economics courses and a year in Switzerland .

In 1881 she married the mathematics professor Johannes Orelli, who died in 1885.

Orelli-Rinderknecht was active in various non-profit organizations. She got to know Auguste Forel in the aid association for the mentally ill , she became a member of the Blue Cross and worked in the volunteer and local poor care .

Her involvement in the abstinence movement led to the founding of the Zurich Women's Association for Moderation and People's Welfare in 1894 , which was renamed the Zurich Women's Association for the Alcohol-Free Economy in 1909 and later became part of the ZFV company .

Women's association for moderation and public welfare

The former Kurhaus, today Hotel Zürichberg, in a photo from 2010.

Orelli founded the Zurich Women's Association for Moderation and Public Welfare on September 27, 1894 together with 14 other women . Although she was largely responsible for the initiative, Orelli-Rinderknecht was not elected to the board, but two years later she became chair of the newly created works commission.

The “Kleiner Marthahof” coffee shop at Stadelhoferstrasse 22 opened as early as December 16, 1894. The association's statutes were only adopted unanimously five weeks later, on January 22, 1895. The small Marthahof was open from 5.30 a.m. to 10 p.m. and, in addition to non-alcoholic drinks, initially offered mainly cold dishes at very reasonable prices. There was no compulsion to consume. The small Marthahof met with a positive response from the public and customers, so that the managing director was overwhelmed and Orelli-Rinderknecht took over the management at the request of the board after almost two weeks. Due to the success, two more alcohol-free restaurants were opened in November 1895.

The association's sixth non-alcoholic restaurant, the "Karl der Grosse" next to the Grossmünster with 250 seats, was virtually overrun when it opened on April 1, 1898. Because of the large crowd, the headmistress felt overwhelmed and Orelli-Rinderknecht had to step in again.

In the same year, the plans for a health resort on the Zürichberg began. In contrast to the previous projects, the Kurhaus had to be rebuilt. Construction work began in July 1899 and the house was inaugurated in October 1900. The construction costs amounted to 500,000 francs. The restaurant opened on January 1, 1901.

In 1904 the 10 restaurant businesses had an average of 5,000–6,000 visitors per day. In 1909 the association was renamed the Zurich Women's Association for the Alcohol-Free Economy . By this time, the association had already operated 10 restaurants, to which others - such as the Rigiblick and the restaurant of the new Volkshaus - were added. In the autumn of 1914 she founded a non-profit association for non-alcoholic catering for the troops together with other exponents of the women's and abstinence movement . This in order to counter the strong tendency of the soldiers to drink something positive.

In 1915 Orelli withdrew from the works committee and in 1920 she resigned entirely.

She found her final resting place in the Sihlfeld cemetery .

Promotion of gainful employment for women

The women's association offered its female employees progressive working conditions. Among other things, the working time was limited to 8 to 10 hours depending on the activity, one day a month and a half a week were free, the association financed health and accident insurance for all employees, provided accommodation and leisure activities and offered a permanent one Monthly salary.

Since 1908, the women's association offered two-year training for the heads of their alcohol-free businesses.

Honors

  • In 1919 Orelli-Rinderknecht was the first woman to receive an honorary doctorate from the University of Zurich.
  • Orelli-Rinderknecht was the first woman on a Swiss postage stamp in 1945.
  • In addition to Orellistrasse, Orelliweg in the Fluntern district , which leads from the former Kurhaus on Orellistrasse (today Hotel Zürichberg) along the edge of the forest to Hanslinweg, is named after her. At this intersection there is a memorial fountain for Susanna Orelli-Rinderknecht.

  • Fountain in memory of Susanna Orelli at the Orelliweg-Hanslinweg intersection

  • Orellistrasse street sign at the terminus Zoo

literature

Web links

Commons : Susanna Orelli-Rinderknecht  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ZVF Gazette. October 2002, p. 3.
  2. ↑ a b c d Regula Ludi: Orelli [-Rinderknecht], Susanna. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Monique R. Siegel: Female entrepreneurship. Zurich women write economic history. Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Zurich 1994.
  4. ^ Verein Frauenstadtrundgang Zürich (ed.): Chratz und quer. Seven women's city tours in Zurich. Limmat Verlag, Zurich 2003, pp. 233, 238.
  5. ↑ Jakob Tanner , History of Switzerland in the 20th Century. Beck, Munich 2015, ISBN 978-3-406-68365-7 , p. 124.
  6. ^ Jean-Claude Lavanchy: Postage stamps. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  7. ^ A walk through Alt-Züri: The Orelliweg.
personal data
SURNAME Orelli-Rinderknecht, Susanna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Orelli-Rinderknecht, Susanna von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss abstainer
DATE OF BIRTH December 27, 1845
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberstrasse
DATE OF DEATH January 12, 1939
Place of death Zurich