Swaefred

Essex in the early Anglo-Saxon period

Swaefred (also Swæfred, Suebred, Suefredus, Sueabræd or Suebredus ; † after 704) was king of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Essex from about 694 to 704 . He ruled with his brother Sigeheard and Offa .

Some historians consider Swaefred and Swæfheard , who ruled Kent from 687/688 to 692/694, to be the same person.

Life

King Sebbi seems to have his sons Sigeheard and Swaefred involved in the rule as early as the late 680s, as they signed charters as rex (king). But the title can also be a later addition. Swæfheard (687 / 688–692 / 694), another brother, ruled the western parts of Kent as king .

Sebbi abdicated around 694 seriously ill in favor of his sons Sigeheard and Swaefred and Sighere's son Offa, who ruled together, and became a monk. In the 680s, Surrey had come under the control of Wessex, but was still part of the East Saxon Diocese of London, which led to tensions between the powerful King Ine of Wessex and Essex, which were resolved at the Brentford Synod in 705 . His exact date of death is unknown, but was between 704 and 709.

swell

• Beda Venerabilis : Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum , Online in the Medieval Sourcebook (English)

literature

• John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves: The Kings and Queens of Britain . 2nd revised edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2009, ISBN 978-0-19-955922-0 , p. 27.
• Michael Lapidge, John Blair, Simon Keynes, Donald Scragg (Eds.): The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England . Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford et al. a. 2001, ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1 .
• Barbara Yorke : Kings and Kingdoms of early Anglo-Saxon England . Routledge, London-New York 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 . PDF (6.2 MB)

Web links

• Swæfred 1 in Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England (PASE)
• Kings of Essex (East Saxons) in Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

Individual evidence

1. ^ Barbara Yorke: The Kingdom of the East Saxons . In: Peter Clemoes, Simon Keynes, Michael Lapidge (eds.): Anglo-Saxon England Volume 14 , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2007, ISBN 978-052103838-6 , pp. 21-22.
2. ↑ EB Fryde et al. (Ed.): Handbook of British Chronology (Royal Historical Society Guides and Handbooks) , Cambridge University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-521-56350-5 , p. 10; see: S1171 and S1246
3. ↑ Barbara Yorke: Kings and Kingdoms of early Anglo-Saxon England , Routledge, 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 , p. 54.
4. ↑ BAE Yorke: The Kingdom of Essex , In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Enzyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England , pp. 174-175.
5. ↑ Bede: HE 4.11
6. ↑ Simon Keynes: Kings of the East Saxons , In: Lapidge et al. (Ed.): The Blackwell Enzyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England , pp. 510-511.
7. ↑ Barbara Yorke: Kings and Kingdoms of early Anglo-Saxon England , Routledge, 2002, ISBN 978-0-415-16639-3 , p. 49.
8. ↑ John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves: The Kings and Queens of Britain , Oxford University Press, 2009 (2nd revised edition), ISBN 978-0-19-955922-0 , p. 27.

predecessor	Office	successor
Sebbi Sighere	King of Essex 694 – after 704 together with Sigeheard and Offa	Swæfberht