Turk Ocağı
The Turk Ocağı ( Ottoman ترك اوجاغی İA Türk Ocağı ; German Turkish Association , literally "Turkish stove") was founded in Istanbul in 1912 and still exists today with a few interruptions.
The word Ocak means fireplace or forge and can be found in all Turkic languages with a wide range of meanings. With the Janissaries in particular , an ocak formed a military unit and religious brotherhoods also had an ocak in their religious houses.
The foundation stone for the foundation of the association was laid in 1911 with the publication of a manifesto by several students of the military medical school. The manifest was signed The 190 Turkish Sons of the Medical School (tr: 190 Tıbbiyeli Türk Evladı ). The association was founded at the time of the aftermath of the Balkan Wars and on the eve of the First World War . Because of the mood in the Ottoman Empire at the time, the association was not concerned with everyday politics, but with Turkish nationalism. This was also made clear in its first statute.
After the manifesto was published, the students sat down with the leading nationalist intellectuals of the time and decided to form a national organization. On June 20, 1911, a meeting was held at Ahmet Ağaoğlu's home . At the suggestion of Fuat Sabit, the future organization should be named "Türk Ocağı".
The association was officially founded on March 25, 1912 in Istanbul. The first chairman was Ahmet Ferit Tek and his deputy Yusuf Akçura . In 1913 Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöver became the new chairman. Well-known members were Halide Edip Adıvar , Mehmet Emin Yurdakul , Ahmet Ağaoğlu, Ziya Gökalp , Adnan Adıvar and Mehmet Fuat Köprülü . Soon afterwards, branches were opened in Izmir , among others . There were 25 Turkish clubs in 1915 and 35 in 1919.
Until 1919, the association propagated Turanism , the dream of Greater Turan . But then, as a preliminary stage for a Turan, he concentrated on a Turkish state within the borders of the Misak-ı Millî national pact . So first a Turkey should arise in Anatolia and later a union with the Turkic peoples of Central Asia should take place. After the armistice of Mudros and the occupation of Istanbul by the Allies, the associations organized activities such as the well-known Sultanahmet meetings. They made up a large part of the resistance against the occupiers. As the pressure increased, many members left Istanbul and joined the resistance movement in Anatolia. The association published magazines such as Türk Yurdu (German: Turkish homeland ) and Yeni Mecmua (German: New magazine ).
In 1925 Mustafa Kemal and his wife Latife Uşşaki were appointed honorary chairmen. In April 1931, the clubs and other organizations were banned by the ruling Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi . At that time there were 264 branches. The entire property ownership passed to the ruling party and was later largely used for the Halkevleri (people's houses).
In 1946 the association was reopened with its center in Ankara. After the military coup in Turkey in 1980 , the Türk Ocağı was banned like all clubs. It has been back since 1984. The association has been awarding prizes named after well-known activists since 1987. There is the Ziya Gökalp Science Award and the Prof. Dr. Osman Turan Merit Award .
Chairperson
- Mehmet Emin Yurdakul (1912)
- Ahmet Ferit Tek (1912)
- Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöver (1912–1931 / 1949–1959 / 1961–1965)
- Osman Turan (1959–1960 / 1960–1961 / 1966–1973)
- Necati Akder (1960–1961)
- Emin Bilgiç (1973–1974)
- Orhan Düzgüneş (1974–1994)
- Sadi Somuncuoğlu (1994–1995)
- Nuri Gürgür (1996-)
Women's organization:
- Şenol Bal (1996-)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Turkish original: Ocak zinhar siyasetle iştigal etmez. Ocak maksadını tahsile çalışırken sırf milli ve içtimai bir vaziyete kalacak, asla siyasetle uğraşmayacak ve hiçbir vakit siyasi fırkalara hadim olmayacaktır.