Takenouchi Shikibu

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Takenouchi Shikibu ( Japanese 竹 内 式 部 ; * 1712 in Niigata ; † January 24, 1767 on Miyake-jima ) was a Confucianist, a renewer of Shinto and proponent of the restoration of imperial power in Japan.

Live and act

Shikibu was in Niigata in Echigo Province born to a family physician. His real name was Takamochi ( 敬 持 ), Shikibu was his court title as "Master of Ceremonies". At the age of 16 he went to Kyoto and studied Confucianism under Matsuoka Chūryō ( 松岡 仲良 ), Sawada Issai ( 澤 田 一 斎 ), later under Tamaki Isai ( 玉 木 葦 斎 ) Suika-Shintō. He was also one of the last students of Wakabayashi Kyōsai ( 若 林 強 斎 ; 1676-1732).

Then Shikibu himself opened a school in Kyoto, where he taught the doctrines of the Chinese philosopher Zhu Xi and Shintoism. His lessons attracted Tokudaiji Kimiki ( 徳 大寺 公 城 ; 1729–1782), Koga Michitoshi ( 久 我 通 Unterricht ) 700 to 800 students, especially discontented from the court nobility. He was arrested in 1758 on the orders of the Shogun on charges that he had also taught his students military science . On the occasion, 17 students from the court nobility were punished.

After Shikibu was banned from Kyoto the following year, he withdrew to the province of Ise . When Yamagata Daini ( 山 縣 大 弐 ; 1725–1767) and Fujii Umon ( 藤井 右 門 ; 1720–1767) were arrested in 1767 and then beheaded for advocating the restoration of imperial power, Shikibu was arrested and exiled on the Hachijō-jima Island condemned. He fell ill during the crossing and died on Miyake-jima .

In Shikibu's hometown of Niigata, he is commemorated in various places with busts and plaques.

literature

  • Suzuki, Toshihiko (Ed.): Takenouchi Shikibu . In: Nihon daihyakka zensho (Denshibukku-han), Shogakukan, 1996.
  • Papinot, Edmond: Takenouchi Shikibu . In: Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. Reprinted by Tuttle, 1972 edition of 1910 edition. ISBN 0-8048-0996-8 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This intervention by the shogunate went down in Japanese history as the Hōreki incident ( 宝 暦 事件 , Hōreki jiken ). Hōreki is the annual period from 1751 to 1764.
  2. ↑ This intervention by the shogunate is the Meiwa incident ( 明 和 事件 , Meiwa jiken ). Meiwa is the annual period from 1764 to 1772.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Suika-Shintō ( 垂 加 神道 ) is a Shintō movement that goes back to Yamazaki Onsai ( 山崎 闇 斎 ; 1618–1682).
Japanese name: As is common in Japan, the family name comes before the first name in this article . Thus, Takenouchi is the family name, Takamochi the first name.
personal data
SURNAME Takenouchi Shikibu
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 竹 内 式 部 (Japanese); Takenouchi Takamochi (real name); 敬 持 敬 持 (real name, Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese scholar
DATE OF BIRTH 1712
PLACE OF BIRTH Niigata
DATE OF DEATH January 24, 1767
Place of death Miyake-jima