Teodora Krajewska

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Theodora Krajewska, 1854-1935

Teodora Krajewska , (born Kosmowska, German: Theodora K .; * 1854 in Warsaw ; † September 5, 1935 ibid), was a Polish doctor, writer and teacher.

Live and act

Krajewska was the daughter of Ignac Kosmowski, an official in the school administration, and Seweryna, née Glówczyscy, and grew up with seven siblings in Warsaw, currently under Russian administration. Her sisters were the actress Ada Kosmowska (1871-1944) and the dentist Zofia de Beaurain (1858-1913). She attended the Warsaw Girls' High School, passed the examination for the teaching profession and taught high school students in arithmetic . In 1878 she married the professor of classical philology, Anton Krajewski. The couple frequented intellectual circles, which inspired Teodora to write short stories, poems and literary reviews. Her husband died in 1881. Since women were not allowed to study or practice medicine in Austria at that time, Krajewska trained in obstetric and gynecological practice in a Vienna clinic. From 1883 she studied medicine in Geneva , where she finally became an assistant to the physiologist Moritz Schiff .

In 1892 Krajewska was appointed by the Austro-Hungarian authorities as a medical officer for the Dolnja Tuzla district in the northeast of Bosnia-Herzegovina , as male doctors refused to treat Muslim women here. Therefore, she mainly treated Bosnian Muslim women and wrote detailed notes about their condition and lifestyle. Krajewska stayed in Bosnia even after the collapse of Austria-Hungary, but the loss of her eyesight forced her to quit in 1922. In 1928 she retired and moved back to Warsaw, where she died.

Krajewska's posthumous writings and her diary were edited by her nephew Zbigniew Danielak in 1989 in the publishing house Ossolineum .

literature

  • Deutscher Hausschatz, 26th year 1899/1900, No. 19, p. 340: portrait (photo) with signature "Dr T Krajewska".
  • Zbigniew Danielak: Teodora Krajewska, in: Polski Słownik Biograficzny, Volume XV, 1970.
  • Linda L. Clark: Women and Achievement in Nineteenth-Century Europe. New Approaches to European History. Cambridge University Press 2008, p. 217
  • Brigitte Fuchs: Hungarian Policies of Race, Gender, and Hygiene in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in: Christian Promitzer, Marius Turda (Ed.): Health, Hygiene and Eugenics in Southeastern Europe to 1945. Central European University Press, Budapest 2011.
  • Brigitte Fuchs: Austria-Hungary's Civilizing Mission in Bosnia and its Positive Effects on Domestic Feminists' Demands 1890–1918. University of Cologne, Cologne 2017.
  • Michał Czajka (Ed.) Słownik biograficzny XX wieku, Wiedza Powszechna 2004. Volume I, pp. 256, 137–142; Volume II, pp. 180, 105.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hansjoachim Henning, Florian Tennstedt (ed.): Collection of sources for the history of German social policy 1867 to 1914. Volume 5. Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz 2012, p. 79, note 5: for religious reasons, the Austrian government had employed the doctors Bohuslava Keck and Theodora Krajewska in 1891, who were not licensed in Austria (see Beate Ziegeler, Female Doctors and health insurance companies, Weinheim 1993, p. 80)
personal data
SURNAME Krajewska, Teodora
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kosmowska, Teodora (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish doctor, writer and teacher
DATE OF BIRTH 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Warsaw
DATE OF DEATH September 5, 1935
Place of death Warsaw