Thionyl halides

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Thionyl fluoride, thionyl chloride, thionyl bromide and thionyl iodide (from top left to bottom right). The thionyl group is marked in blue .

Thionyl halides are a group of substances in chemistry . These include gaseous or liquid sulfur compounds of the general formula OSX 2 , in which X is a halogen ( fluorine , chlorine , bromine or iodine ). These highly caustic, skin and mucous membrane irritating and corrosive substances are dihalides of the sulphurous acid H 2 SO 3 . The most important thionyl halide is thionyl chloride , OSCl 2 , which is used as a non-aqueous solvent and above all as a chlorinating agent in organic chemistry . Thionyl bromide , OSBr 2 , is used for bromination and dehydrogenation . In contrast to thionyl chloride and thionyl bromide, thionyl fluoride is not a fluorinating agent for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds; the more highly fluorinated sulfur tetrafluoride is used here.

Mixed thionyl halides exist with SOClF, SOBrF and SOBrCl.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans Beyer and Wolfgang Walter : Organische Chemie , S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-7776-0406-2 , p. 238.
  2. ↑ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 6: T-Z. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1988, ISBN 3-440-04516-1 , p. 4245.
  3. ^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 101st edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-11-012641-9 , p. 580.