Tiritiri Matangi Island
| Tiritiri Matangi Island | ||
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| Waters | Hauraki Gulf | |
| Geographical location | 36 ° 36 ′ 0 ″ S , 174 ° 53 ′ 0 ″ E | |
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| length | 2.7 km | |
| width | 1.2 km | |
| surface | 2.2 km² | |
| Highest elevation | 80 m | |
Tiritiri Matangi Island is an island northeast of Auckland off the coast of the North Island of New Zealand . The island isdesignated and managedby the Department of Conservation (DOC) as a nature reserve.
geography
The 220 hectare island is located around 3.6 km east of the Whangaparaoa Peninsula in the waters of the Hauraki Gulf . Auckland city center can be found 28 km to the southwest by sea. Tiritiri Matangi Island extends over a length of 2.7 km in a southeast-northwest direction and has a maximum width of 1.2 km. The highest point with 80 m is in the middle of the island. Administratively, the island is part of the Auckland Council .
history
Tiritiri Matangi Iceland was in the 1820s by the Māori - tribe Kawerau A Maki populated. The island was named after the Pā (village and fortification) built by the tribe . Parts of the settlements and individual remains of buildings can still be viewed today. Later on, the Ngati-Paoa tribe also settled on the island and built their own village with Papakuara . But this was destroyed in the 17th century during ongoing conflicts between the two tribes. The Europeans discovered Tiritiri Matangi Island around 1850.
In 1864 a lighthouse with a lighthouse keeper's house was built on the east side of the island, which was expanded in 1918. During the Second World War , the Ministry of Defense confiscated the island from 1940 to 1945 and used it for the coast guard. Tiritiri Matangi Island was used for agriculture until the 1970s , and from 1984 committed environmentalists on site prepared it as a habitat for endangered birds in a kind of restoration program. The local citizens founded Tiritiri Matangi Inc., a non-profit organization for the protection of the island's flora and fauna, and looks after the nature reserve in cooperation with the Department of Conservation , under whose administration the island is today.
Flora and fauna
Tiritiri Matangi Island was originally covered almost completely with mixed Pohutukawa trees and densely forested in the valleys with Kohekohe and Taraire forests. The centuries of Maori colonization, followed by European agriculture, transformed the landscape into a grassland island with only a few small patches of forest. With the deforestation , many native and rare bird species disappeared. Only the very resistant species such as Tui , fantail , gray coat White-eye , Gray Warbler , Maori Glockenhonigfresser and South Crake remained on the island.
With the help of thousands of volunteers, around 280,000 native trees were planted between 1984 and 1994. This led to an accelerated natural regeneration of the coastal forests, which are now home to eleven endangered native birds. Rare species such as takahē , Kokako , saddle bird , parakeet , North Iceland Robin , White head , little spotted kiwi , Zealand Duck , New Zealand Fernbird , Hihi and tomtit today are again located on the island, some after targeted settlement.
The tuatara - "New Zealand's living dinosaur " - was released back on the island in 2003.
tourism
The island is open to the public and is visited by over 20,000 tourists annually.
Tiritiri Matangi Island ferry terminal
View from Tiritiri Matangi Island to Rangitoto Island (left) and Auckland (right)
Forest on Tiritiri Matangi Island
Web links
- History . In: Tiritiri Matangi Open Sanctuary . Tiritiri Matangi Inc., 2010,accessed on May 19, 2019.
- Tiritiri Matangi Island . Department of Conservation,accessed May 19, 2019.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Tiritiri Matangi Island . Department of Conservation , accessed May 19, 2019 .
- ↑ a b homepage . In: Tiritiri Matangi Open Sanctuary . Tiritiri Matangi Inc. , 2010, accessed on May 19, 2019 .
- ↑ Topo maps . Land Information New Zealand , accessed May 19, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Historic Tiritiri Matangi . Department of Conservation , accessed May 19, 2019 .
- ^ History . In: Tiritiri Matangi Open Sanctuary . Tiritiri Matangi Inc. , 2010, accessed on May 19, 2019 .