Georg Joel
Georg Karl Joel (born August 8, 1898 in Wilhelmshaven ; † October 10, 1981 in Rastede ) was a German politician ( NSDAP , later DRP ). From 1932 to 1933 he was President of the Landtag of Oldenburg and during the time of National Socialism he was Prime Minister of the country, and from 1936 to 1945 he was also a member of the German Reichstag. After the Second World War , he entered the state parliament of Lower Saxony.
Life
Joel was born the son of a locksmith. After attending the Oberrealschule in Wilhelmshaven, he was with the Grand Ducal Oldenburg Railway from November 1914 to April 1917 . From May 1, 1917 to December 1918, he took part in the First World War as a non-commissioned officer , where he was deployed on the Western Front in the Field Artillery Regiment 62 . After the war he was a railway official in the middle upper class, Reichsbahn chief secretary and finally (1933) Reichsbahn inspector.
Joel was a member of various ethnic associations (e.g. from 1920 in the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund ). In 1922 he joined the NSDAP. On April 6, 1925, he and others founded the NSDAP local group in Oldenburg. After the NSDAP ban or its lifting, he was re-admitted to the NSDAP on August 12, 1925 ( membership number 15.490), for which he u. a. worked as a press attendant in Oldenburg. Joel was the holder of the golden party badge of the NSDAP .
Joel was a councilor for the city of Oldenburg from November 1930 to March 1933 and was elected to the Oldenburg state parliament in 1931 , to which he was a member until 1933. From June 16, 1932 to May 6, 1933 he was President of the State Parliament. During this time the so-called Kwami Affair fell , in which Joel, as a rude racist, intervened against a planned sermon by the Ghanaian pastor Robert Kwami in the Lamberti Church. From March to May 5, 1933, he was temporarily state commissioner for special use in Oldenburg. After Carl Röver was appointed Reich Governor, Joel served as Prime Minister of the Free State of Oldenburg from May 6, 1933 to April 1945 . At the same time he took over the management of the ministries for foreign affairs, interior affairs, trade and transport. He also became a member of the cultural council of the German Foreign Institute .
Between August 1932 and 1945 he was deputy Gauleiter of the Weser-Ems party district . He was also a member of the German Reichstag from 1936 to 1945 . From 1937 to January 30, 1939 and from November 1943 to 1945, he served as Gaupersonalamtsleiter of the NSDAP-Gauleitung Weser-Ems. From September 1, 1939 to November 1942, Joel was Reich Defense Advisor in the Weser-Ems Gau and, from September 22, 1939, as head of command of the NSDAP, a member of the Defense Committee in Military District XI.
In the SA he was (November 9, 1937) brigade leader and volunteer SA leader z. B. the SA group North Sea, honorary district leader of the regional association for war graves care.
In 1937 Joel acted as transition commissioner for the merger of the cities of Wilhelmshaven and Rüstringen .
From 1940 until the end of the war he lived with his family in what is now the Karl-Jaspers-Haus .
From December 5, 1944, Joel was reactivated for military service in Infantry Gun Replacement and Training Company 22. He received the War Merit Cross I and II Class without swords and the Air Protection Badge of Honor 1st level.
At the beginning of May 1945 Joel briefly belonged to the Dönitz government before he was arrested on the 27th of the month and interned in the Esterwegen and Rotenburg camps . On July 5, 1946, he was released from internment for health reasons. In the denazification process in 1950 he was classified in Group III and sentenced on June 16, 1949 to two years in prison by the judgment court in Bielefeld, although the internment period was taken into account.
On April 19, 1950, Joel was admitted as a commercial agent in Oldenburg. In 1955 he joined the German Reich Party (DRP). In the third electoral term he was for the DRP from May 6, 1955 to May 5, 1959 a member of the Lower Saxony State Parliament (from 1955 to 1957 in the DRP parliamentary group, from 1957 to 1959 in the FDP-GB / BHE parliamentary group). From December 4, 1957 to May 5, 1959, he was a member of the subcommittee for questions of civil service law in the state parliament. He was also spokesman for the DRP in the state parliament from May 1955 to October 1957 and from June 1958 to May 5, 1959.
In 1956 Joel became a city councilor and councilor of the city of Oldenburg.
From 1957 to 1959 and 1963/64 he was a member of the party executive committee of the DRP. In 1961 he was deputy chairman of the DRP regional association of Lower Saxony. After the founding of the NPD in 1964, he was a member of its party executive committee and editor of the weekly newspaper Deutsche Nachrichten . In 1967 he was a partner in Deutsche Nachrichten GmbH. In 1979/80 he distinguished himself by fighting the installation of a memorial plaque in the former Esterwegen concentration camp .
Until the end, Joel was one of the stubborn and stubborn party functionaries and denied the criminal character of the National Socialist regime.
See also
literature
- Joachim Lilla , Martin Döring, Andreas Schulz: extras in uniform: the members of the Reichstag 1933–1945. A biographical manual. Including the Volkish and National Socialist members of the Reichstag from May 1924 . Droste, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4 . , Pp. 281-282
- Barbara Simon : Member of Parliament in Lower Saxony 1946–1994. Biographical manual. Edited by the President of the Lower Saxony State Parliament. Lower Saxony State Parliament, Hanover 1996, pp. 182-183.
- Joel, Georg Karl In: Hans Friedl u. a. (Ed.): Biographical manual for the history of the state of Oldenburg . Edited on behalf of the Oldenburg landscape. Isensee, Oldenburg 1992, ISBN 3-89442-135-5 , pp. 356-357 ( online ).
- Stephan A. Glienke: The Nazi past of a later member of the Lower Saxony state parliament . Final report on a project of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen on behalf of the Lower Saxony State Parliament. Published by the President of the Lower Saxony State Parliament. Revised reprint of the first edition. Hannover 2012, p. 167f ( online as PDF) .
Web links
- Georg Joel in the database of members of the Reichstag
Individual evidence
Ludwig Völckers (1848–1849) | Lambert Pancratz (1849) | Arnold Kitz (1849-1851) | Carl Zedelius (1851-1856) | Johann Finckh (1857) | August Niebour (1857–1861) | Carl Julius Dannenberg (1861–1863) | Heinrich Becker (1863–1866) | Julius Dannenberg (1866) | Werner August Friedrich Lentz (1866–1869) | August Hullmann (1869–1872) | Friedrich Graepel (1872–1876) | Gerhard Ahlhorn (1876–1878) | Ludwig Strackerjan (1878–1881) | Diedrich Roggemann (1881–1896) | Karl Groß (1896–1905) | Wilhelm Schröder (1905–1919) | Ernst Tantzen (1919–1920) | Wilhelm Schröder (1920–1925) | Paul Hug (1925) | Wilhelm Schröder (1925–1928) | Emil Zimmermann (1928–1931) | Heinrich Eichler (1931–1932) | Georg Joel (1932–1933) | Johann Behlen (1933–1934)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Joel, Georg |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Joel, Georg Karl |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German politician (NSDAP, DRP), MdR, MdL |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 8, 1898 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wilhelmshaven |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 10, 1981 |
| Place of death | Rastede |