German Volkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Deutschvolkische protection and Trutzbund ( DVSTB ) was by contemporary state assessment "of largest, most active and influential anti-Semitic association in Germany" after the First World War and one of the largest and most important representatives of the ethnic groups in the Weimar Republic , the democratic parliamentary system he radically refused.

NSDAP delegation in October 1922 on the German Day , a major event of the German National Guard and Defense Association, in Coburg

History and structure

The Deutschvölkische Schutz- und Trutzbund goes back to the German Schutz- und Trutzbund , which was founded in February 1919 by the Pan-German Association at its Bamberg meeting; his task should be the fight against Judaism. Chief executive was Alfred Roth , secret chairman from October 1st, 1919 Konstantin von Gebsattel (appointed by Ernst von Hertzberg-Lottin ). The advisory board included u. a. Ernst Anton Franz von Bodelschwingh , August Gebhard , Paul Lucius , Ferdinand Werner , Julius Friedrich Lehmann , Georg von Stössel . The office was initially in Duisburg-Ruhrort near Roth's place of residence, but was later relocated to Hamburg when many ethnic organizations came together under the umbrella association of the Association of German Völkischer Bünde . After the merger with the Reichshammerbund , the German Protection and Trutzbund merged with the Deutschvölkischer Bund (the successor organization of the Reichsverband of the disbanded Germanvölkische Party ) on October 1, 1919 to form the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund about a month later .

As a manifesto, the Schutz- und Trutzbund chose the writing If I were the Kaiser by Heinrich Claß , in which he saw his racist, nationalist world of ideas expressed. His slogan was: "Germany for the Germans". He found an important sponsor in the Munich publisher Julius Friedrich Lehmann , who had called for a coup in October 1918. The Trutzbund agitated against the Weimar democracy, against all left movements and against the Jews; at his wedding it had around 180,000 members (1922).

After the murder of Foreign Minister Rathenau in 1922, the Schutz- und Trutzbund was banned in most of the states of the German Reich (with the exception of Bavaria , Württemberg , Anhalt and Mecklenburg-Strelitz ) on the basis of the Republic Protection Act because of its involvement in the affair . The Trutzbund also supported the attacks on Matthias Erzberger and Philipp Scheidemann (see Organization Consul ). Numerous members, backers and supporters migrated to the NSDAP . It was not until 1924 that the last activities petered out.

Prominent members

Leading National Socialists such as Werner Best , Leonardo Conti , Kurt Daluege , Dietrich Eckart , Gottfried Feder , Otto Hellmuth , Reinhard Heydrich , Karl Kaufmann , Oskar Körner , Hinrich Lohse , Heinrich Oberheid , Fritz Sauckel and Julius Streicher were members of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund. The federal government can serve as a link between the Pan-German Association and the NSDAP.

literature

  • Stefan Breuer : The nationalists in Germany. Empire and Weimar Republic . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2008, ISBN 978-3-534-21354-2 .
  • Walter Jung: Ideological prerequisites, content and goals of foreign policy programs and propaganda in the German-Volkish movement in the early years of the Weimar Republic: the example of the German-Volkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund . University of Göttingen, 2001, urn : nbn: de: gbv: 7-webdoc-457-3 .
  • Uwe Lohalm: Völkischer Radikalismus. The history of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutz-Bund 1919–1923 (= Hamburg contributions to contemporary history , Volume 6), Leibniz, Hamburg 1970, ISBN 3-87473-000-X (dissertation, University of Hamburg 1969).
  • Uwe Lohalm, Martin Ulmer : Alfred Roth and the Deutschvölkische Schutz- und Trutz-Bund “Pacemaker for the Third Reich” . In: Daniel Schmidt, Michael Sturm , Massimiliano Livi (Hrsg.): Wegbereiter des Nationalozialismus. People, organizations and networks of the extreme right between 1918 and 1933 (= series of publications by the Institute for City History , Volume 19). Klartext, Essen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8375-1303-5 , p. 21 ff.
  • Bernhard Sauer: Freikorps and anti-Semitism in the early days of the Weimar Republic . (PDF; 119 kB) In: ZfG , 56th year 2008, issue 1.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Assessment of the Reich Commissioner for the Supervision of Public Order in a letter to the State Court for the Protection of the Republic of November 20, 1922, quoted in Lohalm 1970, p. 11.
  2. ↑ Werner Jochmann : National Socialism and Revolution: Origin and History of the NSDAP in Hamburg 1922-1933. Documents. European Publishing House, Hamburg 1963, p. 25f.
  3. ↑ a b Ulrich Sieg: Germany's Prophet. Paul de Lagarde and the origins of modern anti-Semitism . Munich 2007, p. 327.
  4. ^ Walter Jung: Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund (DVSTB), 1919–1924 / 35. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . January 21, 2011, accessed February 25, 2015 .
  5. ↑ Jung 2001, p. 21.