Ferdinand Werner (politician)

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Ferdinand Werner in 1938 at the German Hiking Day in Stuttgart

Ferdinand Friedrich Karl Werner (born October 27, 1876 in Weidenhausen , Biedenkopf district , † March 5, 1961 in Gießen ) was the first National Socialist President of Hesse .

Life

Ferdinand Werner grew up as the son of a master locksmith in Gießen, Hesse . During his studies of history, German and modern languages ​​at the University of Giessen , he became a member of the Association of German Students in Giessen . After completing his studies, Werner joined the Hessian school service as a teacher in 1900 and was often transferred because of his hostility towards Jews , until he ended up at the Weidig School in Butzbach in 1910 , where he taught until 1933.

In 1908 Werner applied for a mandate in the Hessian state parliament for the German Social Party , but withdrew his candidacy. In 1909 he was elected chairman of the German Social Party in Hesse. In 1911 he was elected to the Reichstag for the constituency of Gießen in a by- election and was able to defend this mandate in 1912 . After Eduard Lutz's death in 1918, he was briefly a member of the Second Hessian Chamber. From 1915 he was the successor to Wilhelm Lattmann as chairman of the German Nationalist Party until it was absorbed into the German National People's Party (DNVP) at the end of 1918 . The Reichsverband der Deutschvölkische Party was converted into the Deutschvölkischer Bund and Werner was elected its first chairman on March 30, 1919. At the end of the year, the Deutschvölkische Bund became part of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutzbund . Together with Friedrich Wiegershaus , Werner organized the establishment of regional associations of the Schutz- und Trutzbund in Hessen and in the unoccupied Rhineland.

Werner's anti-Semitism was already evident in the Wilhelminian Reich , in the 1890s he joined the Pan-German Association and became a member of the “Jewish Committee”. As part of the November Revolution, he recommended anti-Semitism as the “only weapon” to the “Jewish Committee” in a petition dated November 18, 1918.

In April 1920 Werner and Wiegershaus were appointed deputy chairmen of the Schutz- und Trutzbund; However, later there were always disputes over competence with the federal leadership. In the Reichstag election on June 6, 1920 , when he was on the provisional board of the DNVP, he was unable to win a seat. After Werner's opposition to the Pan-German claim to leadership in the Schutz- und Trutzbund had no effect even after threatening to resign in the spring of 1921, he completely withdrew from the organizational activities in the Schutz- und Trutzbund and initially only acted as a speaker. From June 1922 Werner agitated together with Wiegershaus and Artur Dinter against the general manager of the Schutz- und Trutzbund, Alfred Roth . At one of the last meetings of the Schutz- und Trutzbund on July 9, 1922 in Berlin, Werner and Wiegershaus were relieved of their offices by Gertzlaff von Hertzberg .

In 1921 Werner became a member of the DNVP in the Landtag of the People's State of Hesse . In 1924 he was elected to the Reichstag in the elections in May and December for the DNVP on the Reich election proposal.

When he switched to the NSDAP, he was elected its parliamentary group chairman in the Darmstadt state parliament in 1933, and on March 13, 1933, he was elected the first National Socialist President of Hesse . He replaced Bernhard Adelung ( SPD ). On May 15, 1933 he was appointed Prime Minister by Reich Governor Jakob Sprenger . On September 20, 1933, he deposed him after a dispute about the merger of the chambers of commerce in the Hesse-Nassau party district. Werner's successor was Philipp Wilhelm Jung .

Werner held the post of leader of the Reich Association of German Mountain and Hiking Associations until 1942. As the personally elected chairman, Wilhelm Götz stood by his side as the association's executive chairman. During Werner's tenure, the association, which had 259,000 members at the time, was brought into line. As early as July 1933, Werner decreed the exclusion of all " non-Aryans " and Marxists from the association's member associations. Only NSDAP members were allowed to act as chairmen of the subdivisions; the youth groups were to be transferred to the Hitler Youth or the Bund Deutscher Mädel . In 1941 the delegates in Würzburg opposed a standard statute for incorporation into the Reich Sports Association.

Werner was appointed head of the Silesian secondary school system in Breslau and received an honorary salary on his retirement in 1942 and the NSDAP's gold party badge in 1943 .

After the end of the Second World War , he was denazified in 1949, despite his anti-Semitic writings and his party functions, as "less polluted" , and in 1950 he was downgraded by the judicial chamber to a "follower". He remained a leading member of the Hessian Historical Commission in Darmstadt . He later became a Hessian state historian .

Honors

Fonts

author

  • Royalty and feudal system in the French national epic, Univ. Diss. Giessen 1907
  • History of French Literature , Berlin 1907
  • A public Heinedenkmal on German soil? , Leipzig 1913
  • An alley for truth! A settlement with Judaism and its helpers , Munich 1919
  • Otrang, the sunken Roman castle near Bitburg (district Trier) , Heinen 1934
  • In Sturm und Stille , Mainz 1935
  • (Ed.) England's war against Germany , Giessen 1940

editor

  • Grand master of German poetry. A selection of the finest German ideas , Leipzig 1934
  • Happy Germany. A collection of cheerful dialects , 1938

literature

  • J.-P. Jatho, Dr. Ferdinand Werner. A biographical sketch on the involvement of a völkisch anti-Semite in National Socialism , in: Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter 34. 1985, 181-224.
  • Hannes Heer; Sven Fritz; Heike Brummer; Jutta Zwilling: Silent voices: the expulsion of the "Jews" and "politically intolerable" from the Hessian theaters 1933 to 1945 . Berlin: Metropol, 2011 ISBN 978-3-86331-013-4
  • Hans Georg Ruppel, Birgit Groß: Hessian MPs 1820–1933. Biographical evidence for the estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse (2nd Chamber) and the Landtag of the People's State of Hesse (= Darmstädter Archivschriften. Vol. 5). Verlag des Historisches Verein für Hessen, Darmstadt 1980, ISBN 3-922316-14-X , p. 267.

Web links

Commons : Ferdinand Werner (politician)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Uwe Lohalm: Völkischer Radikalismus: The history of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz- und Trutz-Bund. 1919-1923 . Leibniz-Verlag, Hamburg 1970, p. 353. ISBN 3-87473-000-X .
  2. ↑ Louis Lange (Ed.): Kyffhäuser Association of German Student Associations. Address book 1931. Berlin 1931, p. 244.
  3. ↑ a b c d Lohalm 1970, p. 69.
  4. ↑ Lohalm 1970, pp. 70f.
  5. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 93.
  6. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 19.
  7. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 70.
  8. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 97.
  9. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 194.
  10. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 266.
  11. ↑ Lohalm 1970, pp. 266f.
  12. ↑ Lohalm 1970, p. 270.
  13. ^ Deutscher Wanderverband (Ed.): "125 years of hiking and more", Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-86568-221-5 , p. 171
  14. ^ Deutscher Wanderverband (Ed.): "125 years of hiking and more", Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-86568-221-5 , p. 170
  15. ^ Deutscher Wanderverband (Ed.): "125 years of hiking and more", Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-86568-221-5 , p. 24
  16. ^ Deutscher Wanderverband (Ed.): "125 years of hiking and more", Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, 2008, ISBN 978-3-86568-221-5 , p. 11
personal data
SURNAME Werner, Ferdinand
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Werner, Ferdinand Friedrich Karl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher, Romanist and politician (DNVP, NSDAP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH October 27, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Weidenhausen
DATE OF DEATH March 5, 1961
Place of death to water