Parliament of the People's State of Hesse
Country flag | State coat of arms |
---|---|
Basic data | |
Seat: | Darmstadt |
Elective system : | Proportional election with closed lists |
Number of votes: | 1 |
Calculation method: | D'Hondt method |
Number of constituencies : | 1 |
Eligible voters : | around 760,000 (1919) to 986,000 (1933) |
Legislative period : | 3 years |
First session: | February 20, 1919 |
The Landtag of the People's State of Hesse was the state parliament and thus the legislature of the People's State of Hesse in the Weimar Republic . Its predecessor were the state estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , its successor the Hessian state parliament .
Legal basis and structure
According to Art. 17 ff. Of the Constitution of the People's State of Hesse , the Landtag consisted of 70 members who were elected according to the principle of proportional representation for a term of three years. The minimum age for eligibility was 25 years. Citizens aged 20 and over had the right to vote and had civil rights.
Its tasks were the legislation, the exercise of budget law, the election of the Prime Minister ("State President"), the confirmation of the state government and, if necessary, the ministerial indictment.
With the law on the rebuilding of the Reich of January 30, 1934, the state parliament was dissolved.
Seat of the state parliament in the Ständehaus
49 ° 52 '20.5 " N , 8 ° 39" 0.7 " E
The seat of the state parliament was the Ständehaus on Luisenplatz in Darmstadt . In addition to the estate building, there was also the old palace (the residence of the Grand Duke, today the Luisencenter ), the seat of government in the college building (today the seat of the administrative district of Darmstadt ) on Luisenplatz . The Ständehaus was built between 1836 and 1839, but, like the palace and college building, was destroyed in the Second World War. Today, the headquarters of Sparkasse Darmstadt is located in its place .
State elections
Overview
Share of votes of the parties in percent
election day | Wbt | SPD | DDP 1 | DZP | DVP 2 | DNVP 3 | LB 4 | KPD | NSDAP 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
January 26, 1919 | 81.2 | 44.5 | 18.9 | 17.6 | 10.1 | 7.4 | |||
11/27/1921 | 67.0 | 32.6 | 7.3 | 17.4 | 14.6 | 5.3 | 15.1 | 3.9 | |
December 7, 1924 | 75.3 | 35.2 | 8.5 | 16.1 | 11.8 | 7.0 | 13.2 | 5.4 | 1.4 |
11/13/1927 6 | 54.7 | 32.6 | 7.8 | 17.7 | 10.7 | 5.0 | 12.7 | 8.6 | |
November 15, 1931 7 | 83.1 | 21.4 | 1.4 | 14.3 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 13.6 | 37.1 | |
June 19, 1932 | 78.4 | 23.1 | DVP | 14.5 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 11.0 | 44.0 | |
5.3.1933 | 90.6 | 21.7 | DVP | 13.6 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 10.9 | 47.4 |
1 DDP: 1919 to 1927: DDP, 1931: DStP
2 DVP: 1919 to 1931: DVP, 1932: NEL (HLV, DVP, DStP, CSVD, WP, VRP), 1933: DVP
3 DNVP: 1919 and 1921: HVP, 1924 to 1932: DNVP, 1933: KFSWR (DNVP, LB, Sth)
4 LB: 1921 and 1924: HBRL, 1927: HLRL
5 NSDAP: 1924: NSFB, 1931, 1932 and 1933: NSDAP
6 1927: additionally: VRP: 5 , 0%, majority of votes of the VRP compared to the DNVP
7 1931: additionally: CSVD: 3.5%, HLV: 2.6%; Majority of votes of DNVP over DStP
Distribution of seats
year | total | SPD | DDP 1 | DZP | DVP 2 | DNVP 3 | LB 4 | KPD | NSDAP 5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1919 6 | 70 | 31 | 13 | 13 | 7th | 5 | |||
1921 7 | 70 | 24 | 5 | 13 | 10 | 3 | 11 | 2 | |
1924 | 70 | 26th | 6th | 11 | 8th | 5 | 9 | 4th | 1 |
1927 8 | 70 | 24 | 5 | 13 | 7th | 3 | 9 | 6th | |
1931 9 | 70 | 15th | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 27 | |
1932 10 | 70 | 17th | DVP | 10 | 2 | 1 | 7th | 32 | |
1933 | 50 | 11 | 7th | 1 | 5 | 26th |
1 DDP: 1919 to 1927: DDP, 1931: DStP
2 DVP: 1919 to 1931: DVP, 1932: NEL (HLV, DVP, DStP, CSVD, WP, VRP)
3 DNVP: 1919 and 1921: HVP, 1924 to 1932: DNVP, 1933: KFSWR (DNVP, LB, Sth)
4 LB: 1921 and 1924: HBRL, 1927: HLRL
5 NSDAP: 1924: NSFB, 1931, 1932 and 1933: NSDAP
6 1919: additional: USPD: 1 seat
7 1921: additional: USPD: 2 seats
8 1927: additional: VRP: 3 seats
9 1931: additional: HLV: 2 seats, CSVD: 1 seat, KPO: 1 seat, SAPD: 1 seat
10 1932: additional: SAPD-KPO: 1 seat
Volkskammer election 1919
Subject of evidence |
be right | Seats | |
---|---|---|---|
number | in % | ||
Eligible voters | 760.053 | 100.0 | |
Voters | 616.954 | 81.2 | |
Invalid votes | 1,761 | 0.3 | |
Valid votes | 615.193 | 100.0 | 70 |
from that | |||
Social Democratic Party of Germany | 273,468 | 44.5 | 31 |
German Democratic Party (Democratic Party in Hesse) | 116.252 | 18.9 | 13 |
Christian People's Party (Hessian Center Party) | 108,539 | 17.6 | 13 |
German People's Party | 62,072 | 10.1 | 7th |
German National People's Party (Hessian People's Party) | 45,785 | 7.4 | 5 |
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany | 9,077 | 1.5 | 1 |
List of members of the Landtag (People's State of Hesse) (1st electoral period)
State election 1921
Subject of evidence |
be right | Seats | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|
number | in % | |||
Eligible voters | 800,547 | 100.0 | ||
Voters | 536.220 | 67.0 | ||
Invalid votes | 2,290 | 0.4 | ||
Valid votes | 533.930 | 100.0 | 70 | 0 |
from that | ||||
Social Democratic Party of Germany | 174.213 | 32.6 | 24 | −7 |
center | 92,689 | 17.4 | 13 | 0 |
Hessian farmers' union and Rhenish Hessian country list | 80.426 | 15.1 | 11 | +11 |
German People's Party | 78.185 | 14.6 | 10 | +3 |
German Democratic Party | 39,140 | 7.3 | 5 | −8 |
German National People's Party | 28,190 | 5.4 | 3 | −2 |
Communist Party of Germany | 20,849 | 3.9 | 2 | +2 |
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany | 20.186 | 3.8 | 2 | +1 |
Revision party | 52 | 0.0 | - | - |
List of members of the Landtag (People's State of Hesse) (2nd electoral period)
State election 1924
Subject of evidence |
be right | Seats | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|
number | in % | |||
Eligible voters | 846.196 | 100.0 | ||
Voters | 637.264 | 75.3 | ||
Invalid votes | 12,132 | 1.9 | ||
Valid votes | 625.132 | 100.0 | 70 | 0 |
from that | ||||
Social Democratic Party of Germany | 220.108 | 35.2 | 26th | +2 |
center | 100.384 | 16.1 | 11 | −2 |
Hessian farmers' union and Rhenish Hessian country list | 82,742 | 13.2 | 9 | −2 |
German People's Party | 73.930 | 11.8 | 8th | −2 |
German Democratic Party | 53,301 | 8.5 | 6th | +1 |
German National People's Party | 43,717 | 7.0 | 5 | +2 |
Communist Party of Germany | 33,689 | 5.4 | 4th | +2 |
National Socialist Freedom Movement | 8,478 | 1.4 | 1 | +1 |
Economic party of the German middle class | 5,851 | 0.9 | - | - |
United working farmers in Hessen | 2,932 | 0.5 | - | - |
List of members of the Landtag (People's State of Hesse) (3rd electoral period)
Referendum on the dissolution of the third Hessian state parliament
The referendum on the dissolution of the third Hessian state parliament on December 5, 1926 resulted in a majority against an early dissolution of the state parliament.
State election 1927
Subject of evidence |
be right | Seats | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|
number | in % | |||
Eligible voters | 893.144 | 100.0 | ||
Voters | 488,604 | 54.7 | ||
Invalid votes | 5,908 | 1.2 | ||
Valid votes | 482,696 | 100.0 | 70 | 0 |
from that | ||||
Social Democratic Party of Germany | 157.293 | 32.6 | 24 | −2 |
center | 85,450 | 17.7 | 13 | +2 |
Hessischer Landbund and Rheinhessische Landliste | 61.109 | 12.7 | 9 | 0 |
German People's Party | 51,654 | 10.7 | 7th | −1 |
Communist Party of Germany | 41,280 | 8.6 | 6th | +2 |
German Democratic Party | 37,789 | 7.8 | 5 | −1 |
People's Rights Party | 24,123 | 5.0 | 3 | +3 |
German National People's Party | 23,998 | 5.0 | 3 | −2 |
List of members of the Landtag (People's State of Hesse) (4th electoral period)
State election 1931
Subject of evidence |
be right | Seats | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|
number | in % | |||
Eligible voters | 963.960 | 100.0 | ||
Voters | 793.306 | 82.3 | ||
Invalid votes | 8.002 | 1.0 | ||
Valid votes | 785.304 | 100.0 | 70 | 0 |
from that | ||||
National-socialist German Workers' Party | 291.183 | 37.1 | 27 | +27 |
Social Democratic Party of Germany | 168.101 | 21.4 | 15th | −9 |
center | 112,444 | 14.3 | 10 | −3 |
Communist Party of Germany | 106,790 | 13.6 | 10 | +4 |
Hessian country people | 20,763 | 2.6 | 2 | −7 |
German People's Party | 18,324 | 2.3 | 1 | −6 |
Christian Social People's Service | 16,714 | 2.1 | 1 | +1 |
Communist Party Opposition | 14,938 | 1.9 | 1 | +1 |
German National People's Party | 10,857 | 1.4 | 1 | −2 |
German state party | 10,822 | 1.4 | 1 | −4 |
Socialist Workers' Party of Germany | 8,170 | 1.0 | 1 | +1 |
Radical Democratic Party | 4,613 | 0.6 | - | - |
People's Rights Party | 1,585 | 0.2 | - | - |
List of members of the Landtag (People's State of Hesse) (5th electoral term)
State election 1932
State election 1932 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Political party | Voting share in% | Seats | Change (seats) |
NSDAP | 44.0% | 32 seats | +5 seats |
SPD | 23.1% | 17 seats | +1 seat |
CENTER | 14.5% | 10 seats | ± 0 seats |
KPD | 11.0% | 7 seats | -3 seats |
Unit list ( DStP , DVP , VRP , CNBL , CSVD ) | 3.4% | 2 seats | +1 seat |
SAP | 1.6% | 1 seat | +1 seat |
DNVP | 1.5% | 1 seats | ± 0 seats |
100% missing votes = nominations not represented in the state parliament
List of members of the Landtag (People's State of Hesse) (6th electoral term)
Reichstag election 1933
On March 5, 1933, he was elected to the Reichstag. The 7th Landtag was re-established on the basis of the Provisional Act to bring the Laender into line with the Reich in line with this election result.
Reichstag election 1933 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Political party | Voting share in% | Seats | |
NSDAP | 47.43% | 26 seats | |
SPD | 21.70% | 11 seats | |
center | 13.59% | 7 seats | |
KPD | 10.88% | 5 seats | |
Combat front black-white-red | 2.85% | 1 seat |
100% missing votes = nominations not represented in the state parliament
Personalities
President of the State Parliament
- 1919–1928 Bernhard Adelung (SPD)
- 1928–1931 Heinrich Delp (SPD)
- 1931–1933 Ferdinand Werner (NSDAP)
- 1933 Philipp Jung (NSDAP)
- 1933 Heinrich Müller (NSDAP)
Vice President
- 1919–1921: Heinrich Delp (SPD)
- 1919– 1920: Adam Joseph Schmitt (center)
- 1920–1924: Heinrich Wendelin Soherr (center)
- 1921–1922: Georg Müller (HBB)
- 1922–1931: Georg von Helmolt (HBB / Landbund)
- 1924–1928: August Nuss (center)
- 1928–1931: Pankraz Blank (center)
- 1931–1932: Heinrich Delp (SPD)
- 1931–1933: Heinrich Weckler (center)
- 1932–1932: Alfred Klostermann (NSDAP)
Secretary
- 1919–1921: Carl Damm (DDP)
- 1919–1921: Gustav Adolf Dehlinger (DNVP)
- 1919–1921: Heinrich Delp (SPD)
- 1919–1924: Moritz Hahn (DVP)
- 1919– 1920: Georg Scherer (center)
- 1920–1924: Wilhelm Knoll (center)
- 1921–1923: Philipp Obenauer (DDP)
- 1921–1924: Konrad Philipp Diehl (HBB)
- 1921–1924: Hermann Neumann (SPD)
- 1923–1924: Johann Schreiber (DDP)
- 1924–1927: Rudolf Kindt (DNVP)
- 1924–1927: Wilhelm Leuschner (SPD)
- 1924–1928: Pankraz Blank (center)
- 1924–1931: Wilhelm Fenchel (HBB)
- 1924–1931: Johann Eberle (DDP)
- 1924–1931: Friedrich Jakob Schott (DVP)
- 1927–1929: Heinrich Angermeier (KPD)
- 1927–1931: Karl Ludwig Storck (SPD)
- 1928–1931: Alois Späth (center)
- 1931–1932: Wilhelm Hammann (KPD)
- 1931–1933: Jean Christoph Harth (SPD)
- 1931–1933: Otto Ivers (NSDAP)
- 1931–1933: Wilhelm Maurer (KPD)
- 1931–1933: Wilhelm Schwinn (NSDAP)
- 1931–1933: Kaspar Winter (center)
- 1932–1933: Karl Seuling (KPD)
Committee Chair
There were three standing committees. 1) Finance Committee
- 1919–1921: Leonhard Eißnert (SPD)
- 1921–1928: Heinrich Delp (SPD)
- 1928–1931: Wilhelm Anthes (SPD)
- 1931–1933: Heinrich Müller (NSDAP)
1) Legislative Committee
- 1919– 1921: Theodor Schröder (center)
- 1921–1924: August Nuss (center)
- 1924–1931: Joseph Maria Schül (center)
- 1931–1933: Philipp Jung (NSDAP)
3) Election test and submissions
- 1919–1921: Otto Urstadt (DDP)
- 1921–1929: Gustav Adolf Dehlinger (HBB)
- 1929–1931: Richard Wolf (HBB)
- 1931–1933: Kaspar Winter (center)
literature
- Hans Georg Ruppel, Birgit Groß: Hessian MPs 1820–1933. Biographical evidence for the estates of the Grand Duchy of Hesse (2nd Chamber) and the Landtag of the People's State of Hesse (= Darmstädter Archivschriften. Vol. 5). Verlag des Historisches Verein für Hessen, Darmstadt 1980, ISBN 3-922316-14-X (282 pages).
- Eckhart G. Franz: Parliament in the struggle for democracy: The Landtag of the People's State of Hesse 1919-1933, 1991, ISBN 3884430270 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Constitution of the People's State of Hesse
- ↑ Art. 10 HessV
- ^ The People's State of Hesse: Volkskammer election 1919 on www.gonschior.de
- ^ The People's State of Hesse: State election 1921 on www.gonschior.de
- ^ Right shift in elections to the Hessian Landtag, November 27, 1921. Contemporary history in Hesse. (As of November 27, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ The People's State of Hesse: State election 1924 on www.gonschior.de
- ↑ III. State Parliament of the People's State of Hesse: Printed matter No. 4. Government proposal: State election 1924. Darmstadt December 29, 1924 ( PDF; 305 kB )
- ^ The People's State of Hesse: State election 1927 on www.gonschior.de
- ↑ IV. Landtag of the People's State of Hesse: Printed matter No. 1. Government draft: Landtag election 1927. Darmstadt December 3, 1927 ( PDF; 1.19 MB )
- ↑ of which 1931: KPO 1.91%, DNVP 1.4%, DStP 1.4%, SAP 1.0%, RDP 0.6%, VRP 0.2%.
- ^ The People's State of Hesse: State election 1931 on www.gonschior.de
- ↑ V. Landtag of the People's State of Hesse: Printed matter no. 1. Government draft: Landtag election 1931. Darmstadt December 7, 1931 ( PDF; 1.5 MB )
- ↑ StatJBDR 1933, pp. 540f.
- ^ Jochen Lengemann : MdL Hessen. 1808-1996. Biographical index (= political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse. Vol. 14 = publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. Vol. 48, 7). Elwert, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6 , p. 435.
- ^ Eckhart G. Franz: Parliament in the struggle for democracy: The Landtag of the People's State of Hesse 1919–1933, 1991, ISBN 3884430270 , pp. 53–54.