State election in the People's State of Hesse in 1921

The state election in the People's State of Hesse in 1921 was the second election in the People's State of Hesse to the Landtag of the People's State of Hesse . It took place on November 27, 1921 and led to a confirmation of the government coalition in the event of significant losses by the SPD and DDP.

initial situation

The election for the Constituent Assembly of the People's State of Hesse in 1919 was won by the SPD. As a result, Ulrich II's cabinet was elected, a government made up of the Weimar coalition . The first Landtag of the People's State of Hesse passed the Hessian Constitution of December 12, 1919, which regulated the election and powers of the Landtag in the third section. With the state election law of March 16, 1921 and the state election regulations of June 14, 1921, the legal basis for the state election was created. Thereafter, the state parliament consisted of 70 members who were elected for three years in free, equal, direct and secret elections using proportional representation.

At the time of the election, the Allied occupation of the Rhineland continued. The elections in the province of Rheinhessen therefore took place in the occupied territory. German inflation from 1914 to 1923 shaped the economic situation . In the 1920 Reichstag election , the Weimar coalition had lost its majority. The SPD had lost to the left to the USPD and KPD, the DDP to the right. The election results in Hesse in this election showed the same development.

Election result

State election of November 27, 1921

Turnout: 67.0%

%

40

30th

20th

10

0

32.6%

17.4%

15.1%

14.6%

7.3%

5.4%

3.9%

3.8%

HBB

Gains and losses

compared to 1919

% p

16

14th

12

10

8th

6th

4th

2

0

-2

-4

-6

-8th

-10

-12

-11.9 % p

-0.2 % p

+ 15.1 % p

+ 4.5 % p

-11.6 % p

-2.0 % p

+ 3.9 % p

+ 2.3 % p

HBB

Result of the state election of November 27, 1921
Subject of evidence	be right		Seats	±
Subject of evidence	number	in %	Seats	±
Eligible voters	800,547	100.0
Voters	536.220	67.0
Invalid votes	2,290	0.4
Valid votes	533.930	100.0	70	0
from that
Social Democratic Party of Germany	174.213	32.6	24	−7
center	92,689	17.4	13	0
Hessian farmers' union and Rhenish Hessian country list	80.426	15.1	11	+11
German People's Party	78.185	14.6	10	+3
German Democratic Party	39,140	7.3	5	−8
German National People's Party	28,190	5.4	3	−2
Communist Party of Germany	20,849	3.9	2	+2
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany	20.186	3.8	2	+1
Revision party	52	0.0	-	-

For the elected representatives, see the list of members of the Landtag (Volksstaat Hessen) (2nd electoral term) .

The results of the provincial elections were as follows

province	KPD	USPD	SPD	DDP	center	DVP	DNVP	HBB (*)	Revision party	total
Absolutely
Starkenburg	14847	7357	92270	15483	40645	36335	12367	29683	52	249039
Province of Upper Hesse	3002	8816	39312	7677	6756	13554	12145	44598	0	135860
Rheinhessen	3000	4013	42631	15980	45288	28296	3678	6145	0	149031
Hesse	20849	20186	174213	39140	92689	78185	28190	80426	52	533930
percent
Starkenburg	6th	3	37.1	6.2	16.3	14.6	5	11.9	0	100
Upper Hesse	2.2	6.5	28.9	5.7	5	10	8.9	32.8	0	100
Rheinhessen	2	2.7	28.6	10.7	30.4	19th	2.5	4.1	0	100
Hesse	3.9	3.8	32.6	7.3	17.4	14.6	5.3	15.1	0	100

Hessischer Bauernbund and Rheinhessische Landesliste

Due to the distribution of denominations, the center clearly had its party stronghold in Rheinhessen, in Upper Hesse the HBB dominated.

The results of the district elections were as follows

district	KPD	USPD	SPD	DDP	center	DVP	DNVP	HBB (*)	Revision party	total
Absolutely
Darmstadt district	2560	1878	22556	5007	3068	19478	4009	4063	19th	62638
Bensheim district	1215	351	8620	1172	7937	2932	1361	4004	23	27615
Dieburg district	1408	378	8642	979	5731	2037	728	6904	1	26808
District of Erbach	797	327	6775	1189	726	1927	726	4291		16758
Groß-Gerau district	1750	1267	11066	2591	2000	1970	570	5859	9	27082
Heppenheim district	641	576	5268	1005	7749	1653	326	1613		18831
Offenbach district	6476	2580	29343	3540	13434	6338	4647	2949		69307
Pouring circle	876	3847	12166	2816	780	5721	5082	9914		41202
Alsfeld district	38	464	3689	896	821	1374	1342	7097		15721
Büdingen district	912	697	5011	1032	164	1243	1180	6558		16797
Friedberg district	1031	2904	13332	1809	4324	3081	2827	9107		38415
Lauterbach district	17th	723	2503	524	642	1453	953	5210		12025
Circle bulkheads	128	181	2611	600	25th	682	761	6712		11700
Mainz district	1374	3031	18904	5379	20232	5395	1375	1018		56708
Alzey district	45	372	3194	2695	3376	3334	383	1945		15344
Bingen district	119	49	2989	2551	7714	2091	107	589		16209
Oppenheim district	61	149	3662	2716	5609	3234	621	1662		17714
District of Worms	1401	412	13882	2639	8357	14242	1192	931		43056
Hesse	20849	20186	174213	39140	92689	78185	28190	80426	52	533930
percent
Darmstadt district	4.1	3	36	8th	4.9	31.1	6.4	6.5	0	100
Bensheim district	4.4	1.3	31.2	4.2	28.7	10.6	4.9	14.5	0.1	100
Dieburg district	5.3	1.4	32.2	3.7	21.4	7.6	2.7	25.8	0	100
District of Erbach	4.8	2	40.4	7.1	4.3	11.5	4.3	25.6	0	100
Groß-Gerau district	6.5	4.7	40.9	9.6	7.4	7.3	2.1	21.6	0	100
Heppenheim district	3.4	3.1	28	5.3	41.2	8.8	1.7	8.6	0	100
Offenbach district	9.3	3.7	42.3	5.1	19.4	9.1	6.7	4.3	0	100
Pouring circle	2.1	9.3	29.5	6.8	1.9	13.9	12.3	24.1	0	100
Alsfeld district	0.2	3	23.5	5.7	5.2	8.7	8.5	45.1	0	100
Büdingen district	5.4	4.1	29.8	6.1	1	7.4	7th	39	0	100
Friedberg district	2.7	7.6	34.7	4.7	11.3	8th	7.4	23.7	0	100
Lauterbach district	0.1	6th	20.8	4.4	5.3	12.1	7.9	43.3	0	100
Circle bulkheads	1.1	1.5	22.3	5.1	0.2	5.8	6.5	57.4	0	100
Mainz district	2.4	5.3	33.3	9.5	35.7	9.5	2.4	1.8	0	100
Alzey district	0.3	2.4	20.8	17.6	22nd	21.7	2.5	12.7	0	100
Bingen district	0.7	0.3	18.4	15.7	47.6	12.9	0.7	3.6	0	100
Oppenheim district	0.3	0.8	20.7	15.3	31.7	18.3	3.5	9.4	0	100
District of Worms	3.3	1	32.2	6.1	19.4	33.1	2.8	2.2	0	100
Hesse	3.9	3.8	32.6	7.3	17.4	14.6	5.3	15.1	0	100

consequences

The cabinet II Ulrich remained substantially in the Official even if the ruling majority was reduced from 57 to 42 (from 70) MPs. This was preceded by an intensive political discussion, as the center had initially insisted on expanding the coalition to include the DVP. This met with rejection from the Social Democrats. After the majority of the Zentrum parliamentary group decided to continue the old coalition, Carl Ulrich was re-elected on December 20, 1921.

literature

Eckhart G. Franz: Parliament in the struggle for democracy: The Landtag of the People's State of Hesse 1919-1933, 1991, ISBN 3884430270 , p. 43, 187-300.
Communications from the Hessian Central Office for State Statistics, No. 10, November 1921, p. 154 ff.

Individual evidence

^ Hessian Government Gazette No. 6, p. 55
↑ Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 15, p. 119
^ The People's State of Hesse: State election 1921 on www.gonschior.de
^ Right shift in elections to the Hessian Landtag, November 27, 1921. Contemporary history in Hesse. (As of November 27, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
^ Eckhart G. Franz: People's State of Hesse 1918–1945; in: Handbuch der Hessischen Geschichte, 2nd volume, 3rd delivery, 2003, ISBN 3-7708-1237-9 , p. 899.

[1] Hessian Government Gazette No. 6, p. 55

[2] Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 15, p. 119

[3] The People's State of Hesse: State election 1921 on www.gonschior.de

[4] Right shift in elections to the Hessian Landtag, November 27, 1921. Contemporary history in Hesse. (As of November 27, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).

[5] Eckhart G. Franz: People's State of Hesse 1918–1945; in: Handbuch der Hessischen Geschichte, 2nd volume, 3rd delivery, 2003, ISBN 3-7708-1237-9 , p. 899.