Thuringian Parliament (Weimar Republic)

**Thuringian Parliament**
Country flag	State coat of arms

Basic data
Seat:	Weimar
Elective system :	Proportional election with closed lists
Number of votes:	1
Calculation method:	Hare-Niemeyer method
Number of constituencies :	4th
Eligible voters :	approx. 803,529 (1920) to 1,134,980 (1933)
Legislative period :	3 years
First session:

former state parliament building in Weimar

Memorial plaque on the house of Platz der Demokratie, in Weimar

The Thuringian Landtag in the Weimar Republic was a state parliament and from 1920 to 1933 the legislature of the State of Thuringia .

Legal basis, structure and destruction

According to the 2nd section of the constitution of the state of Thuringia of March 11, 1921, the state parliament consisted of a variable number of members (one each for 12,000 votes of the respective party), who were elected according to the principle of proportional representation for a period of three years were. The minimum age for active and passive voting rights was 21 years.

The tasks of the state parliament were to legislate, elect (and vote out) the ministers of the state government (the chairman of the government was elected from among the state government by the government itself), the supervision of state leadership and administration, the exercise of budgetary rights and, if necessary, the prosecution of ministers.

The legal basis for the election of the state parliament was the state election law of March 11, 1921.

With a radio message from Berlin on 28 February 1933 in response to the Reichstag fire , the Thuringian KPD -Landtagsfraktion dissolved and their faction rooms in Weimar princely house police searched and sealed. All ten democratically elected communist member of parliament were in so-called " protective custody taken" and in District Court prisons or in concentration camps Nohra interned. With this process, the state parliament, already condemned to insignificance, had also lost its democratic legitimacy .

With the law on the rebuilding of the Reich of January 30, 1934, the state parliament was dissolved. After the Second World War , the state of Thuringia was re-established. Its state parliament existed until the dissolution of the states in the GDR .

After the reunification , the state of Thuringia was re-established. The Thuringian state parliament is the state parliament today.

Landtag President

1920–1921 Arthur Drechsler , USPD
1921–1923 Hermann Leber , SPD
1924–1927 Erich Wernick , ThLB
1927–1929 Hermann Leber , SPD
1930–1932 Ernst von Thümmel , CNBLVP (ThLB)
1932–1932 Willy Marschler , NSDAP
1932–1933 Fritz Hille , NSDAP

State elections

Between 1920 and 1933 there were six state elections in the German state of Thuringia . The legislative period lasted three years. The seat of the state parliament was in Weimar .

As was usual during the Weimar Republic , a coalition government did not always hold out until the end of the three-year legislative period. There were often early elections .

Election for the first Thuringian state parliament

State election 1920

(in %)

%

30th

20th

10

0

27.87

20.61

20.35

15.77

7.3

6.87

1.26

ThLB

Otherwise.

15th

11

4th

11

8th

4th

15th 11 4th 11 8th 4th

Election date: June 20, 1920
Seats in the state parliament: 53 (absolute majority: 27 seats)
Turnout: 82.4%

Political party	Result	Seats in the state parliament
USPD	27.87%	15th
SPD	20.35%	11
ThLB	20.61%	11
DVP	15.77%	8th
DDP	7.30%	4th
DNVP	6.87%	4th

State government : coalition of SPD and DDP ( minority government with tolerance of the USPD)
Senior Minister of State : Arnold Paulssen (DDP)
List of members of the state parliament (Land Thuringia) (1st electoral period)

Election for the second Thuringian state parliament

State election 1921

(in %)

%

30th

20th

10

0

22.84

18.94

16.40

16.15

10.89

7.49

5.58

1.71

ThLB

Otherwise.

6th

9

13

3

10

9

4th

6th 9 13 3 10 9 4th

Election date: September 11, 1921
Seats in the state parliament: 54 (absolute majority: 28 seats)
Turnout: 72.45%

Political party	Result	Seats in the state parliament
SPD	22.84%	13
ThLB	18.94%	10
USPD	16.40%	9
DVP	16.15%	9
KPD	10.89%	6th
DNVP	7.49%	4th
DDP	5.58%	3

State government : First from October 7, 1921, coalition of the SPD and USPD with the tolerance of the KPD. From October 16 to November 12, 1923, coalition of the SPD and KPD. As the second red-red state government, it triggered another political crisis in the Weimar Republic; On November 6th, the military moved into Thuringia and imposed the execution of the Reich , whereupon the state government fell apart; however, there were no new elections.

Leading Minister of State : August Frölich (SPD)

List of members of the state parliament (Land Thuringia) (2nd electoral period)

Election to the third Thuringian state parliament

State election 1924

(in %)

%

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

48.02

23.14

18.44

9.26

1.14

ThOB

SPD

KPD

VVL

Otherwise.

13

17th

35

7th

13 17th 35 7th

Election date: February 10, 1924
Seats in the state parliament: 72 (absolute majority: 37 seats)
Turnout: 89.40%

Political party	Result	Seats in the state parliament
" Thuringian Ordnungsbund " (Thuringian Landbund, DVP, DNVP)	48.02%	35
SPD	23.14%	17th
KPD	18.44%	13
" United Völkisch List " ( DVFB )	9.26%	7th

State government : Ordnungsbund government , coalition of DVP and DNVP as well as Landbund

Senior Minister of State : Richard Leutheußer (DVP)

List of members of the state parliament (Land Thuringia) (3rd electoral period)

Election to the fourth Thuringian state parliament

State election 1927

(in %)

%

40

30th

20th

10

0

33.68

31.62

14.10

9.42

3.48

3.34

2.75

1.13

0.48

Uniform

WP

VRP

DVFP

Otherwise.

8th

18th

2

5

19th

1

2

8th 18th 2 5 19th 1 1 2

Election date: January 30, 1927
Seats in the state parliament: 56 (absolute majority: 29 seats)
Turnout: 78.29%

Political party	Result	Seats in the state parliament
Unit list from DVP, DNVP and ThLB	33.68%	19th
SPD	31.62%	18th
KPD	14.10%	8th
WP	9.42%	5
NSDAP	3.48%	2
DDP	3.34%	2
VRP	2.75%	1
DVFP	1.13%	1

State government : bourgeois-democratic minority government, coalition of the unified list, WP, DDP and VRP
Senior Minister of State :
April 30, 1927 to November 5, 1928: Richard Leutheußer, (DVP)
November 6, 1928 to January 22, 1930: Arnold Paulssen, (DDP)
List of members of the state parliament (Land Thuringia) (4th electoral period)

Election to the fifth Thuringian state parliament

State election 1929

(in %)

%

40

30th

20th

10

0

32.30

16.43

11.29

10.67

9.58

8.83

3.97

2.93

4.0

ThLB

WP

Otherwise.

6th

18th

1

6th

9

5

2

6th

6th 18th 1 6th 9 5 2 6th

Election date: December 8, 1929
Seats in the state parliament: 53 (absolute majority: 27 seats)
Turnout: 74.85%

Political party	Result	Seats in the state parliament
SPD	32.30%	18th
ThLB	16.43%	9
NSDAP	11.29%	6th
KPD	10.67%	6th
WP	9.58%	6th
DVP	8.83%	5
DNVP	3.97%	2
DDP	2.93%	1

State government : right-wing National Socialist government (DVP, WP, DNVP, Landbund and NSDAP; Baum-Frick government ) until April 22, 1931, then right-wing minority government
Leading Minister of State : Erwin Baum , (Landbund)
List of members of the state parliament (Land Thuringia) (5th electoral term)

Election to the sixth Thuringian state parliament

State election 19321946 →

(in %)

%

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

42.49

24.27

16.13

8.35

3.18

1.87

1.80

1.91

ThLB

Otherwise.

10

15th

1

6th

1

2

26th

10 15th 1 6th 1 2 26th

A total of 61 seats

KPD : 10
SPD : 15
DDP : 1
ThLb : 6
DVP : 1
DNVP : 2
NSDAP : 26

Election date: July 31, 1932
Seats in the state parliament: 61 (absolute majority: 31 seats)
Turnout: 85.12%

Political party	Result	Seats in the state parliament
NSDAP	42.49%	26th
SPD	24.27%	15th
KPD	16.13%	10
ThLB	8.35%	6th
DNVP	3.18%	2
DDP	1.87%	1
DVP	1.80%	1

State government : NSDAP and Landbund coalition
Leading Minister of State : Fritz Sauckel , (NSDAP)
List of members of the state parliament (Land Thuringia) (6th electoral term)

Reichstag election 1933

State Parliament 1933

(in %)

%

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

47.60

20.62

15.28

12.41

4.09

NSDAP

SPD

KPD

KSWR

Otherwise.

10

13

8th

29

10 13 8th 29

A total of 60 seats

KPD : 10
SPD : 13
KSWR : 8
NSDAP : 29

On March 5, 1933, he was elected to the Reichstag. The 7th Landtag was re-established on the basis of the Provisional Act to bring the Lands into line with the Reich in line with this election result.

State election 1933
Political party	Voting share in%	Seats
NSDAP	47.60%	29 seats
SPD	20.62%	13 seats
KPD	15.28%	10 seats
Combat front black-white-red	12.41%	8 seats

100% missing votes = nominations not represented in the state parliament

List of members of the Landtag (Land Thuringia) (7th electoral term)

Parliaments of the predecessor states

The parliaments of the predecessor states are dealt with in the respective state articles:

After 1945

After 1945 the states were re-established. The Thuringian state parliament of the Soviet occupation zone thus became the successor to the Thuringian state parliament of the Weimar Republic.

literature

Klaus-Jürgen Winkler: The conference facilities of the regional parliaments in Thuringia - a contribution to their history of construction and use. Booklet 4 of the writings on the history of parliamentarism in Thuringia. Publisher: Thüringer Landtag , Jena 1994, ISBN 3-86160-504-X (144 pages).
Thuringian Landtag: Alfred Ahner - Landtag drawings 1924–1933 . Brochure accompanying the exhibition of the same name in the Thuringian Parliament , with a scientific text contribution The Thuringian Diet (1920–1933). Erfurt 2002, without ISBN, pp. 5–10 (68 pages).