Baum-Frick government

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The Baum-Frick government, or even just the Frick government, was the first state government in the Weimar Republic with the participation of the NSDAP .

The right-wing National Socialist coalition of the state of Thuringia had 28 mandates (including 6 from the NSDAP) with a total of 53 members of the state parliament and consisted of the German People's Party , the German National People's Party , the Thuringian League , the Reich Party of German SMEs , mostly called the Economic Party WP, and the NSDAP.

The government it supported was in office from January 23, 1930 to April 1, 1931. Members of the government were Erwin Baum from the Landbund as Chairman of the State Ministry of Thuringia, Wilhelm Frick from the NSDAP as State Minister for the Interior and Education, and Wilhelm Kästner from the Economic Party as State Minister for Economy and Justice. In addition, the cabinet included state councilors without a department, these were Theodor Bauer (DVP), Franz Fürth (Economic Party) , Karl Kien (DNVP), Willy Marschler (NSDAP) and Erich Port (Landbund).

After the enactment of an enabling law on March 29, 1930, which was passed by a simple majority in the state parliament with reference to the constitutional emergency law, the Baum-Frick government was able to enact a large number of ordinances instead of laws for six months, and so in particular the administration centralize the country. The resulting cuts in offices and staff primarily affected social democratic officials. The ordinance on police administration established a state police in place of the local police, with Frick preferring to hire National Socialist officials. Due to a new civil service regulation, communist teachers and mayors were also dismissed. Critical newspaper articles on government policy were often reacted to by citing the Republic Protection Act with a publication ban for several weeks.

Wilhelm Frick made particular use of his position as minister of education for the introduction of National Socialist ideas. So he introduced prayer rules for schools, which had to be withdrawn because of their unconstitutional content, and wrote the decree “Against Negro culture for German folk culture” to prevent “contamination by foreign races”. A large number of theater events and film screenings with pacifist content were prohibited. At the instigation of Frick, the race researcher Hans F. K. Günther was appointed to the professorship of social anthropology at the University of Jena .

The fall of the government was caused by the multiple insults and defamations of the National Socialists, which led the German People's Party to terminate the cooperation. A vote of no confidence on April 1, 1931 against the NSDAP government members Wilhelm Frick and Willy Marschler was successful and led to the end of the Baum-Frick government.

See also

• History of Thuringia
• Cabinet tree

literature

• Alexandra Esche: Hitler's "völkisch pioneer". The development of national socialist cultural and racial policy in the Baum-Frick government 1930–1931 (= civilizations and history , volume 47). Peter Lang, Berlin / New York 2017.
• Joachim Bergmann: The domestic political development of Thuringia from 1918 to 1932 . Europaforum-Verlag 2001, ISBN 3-931070-27-1 .
• Guido Dressel: The Thuringian Federation. Agrarian professional association as a political party in Thuringia 1919–1933 (= writings on the history of parliamentarism in Thuringia, Volume 12), Weimar 1998.

Web links

• Events in Thuringia
• "We achieved the greatest success in Thuringia"

Remarks

1. ↑ According to studies by historian Alexandra Esche, Free University of Berlin, it was the chairman of the WP, Max Robert Gerstenhauer , who ensured that the NSDAP-dominated government in Thuringia came about at all, namely through the forced approval of six WP- Member of the state parliament for the Baum-Frick coalition; see. this: Max Robert Gerstenhauer: A spider in the völkisch web, at the conference "Trailblazers of National Socialism". Gelsenkirchen, September 30 to October 2, 2013, online version , p. 5f. Gerstenhauer immediately received a reputation as an "avid partisan of Frick", according to the Kölnische Zeitung on October 18, 1931. He was under discussion as the new ministerial director at the turn of the year 1930, which was not realized.