They will all come from Sheba

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Bach cantata
They will all come from Sheba
BWV: 65
Occasion: Feast of Epiphany
Year of origin: 1724
Place of origin: Leipzig
Genus: Church cantata
Solo : TB
Choir: SATB
Instruments : 2Co 2 Fl 2 Oc 2Vn Va Bc
AD : about 17 min
text
Unknown poet, Paul Gerhardt
List of Bach cantatas

They will all come from Saba ( BWV 65) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach .

Origin and Words

Bach wrote the cantata to end his first Christmas season in Leipzig on the festival of Epiphany (apparition of the Lord). The prescribed readings were Isa 60,1–6  LUT and Mt 2,1–12  LUT , the wise men from the east who bring gold, frankincense and myrrh as gifts to the newborn Jesus . The unknown lyricist is possibly the same as for the Christmas cantatas listed immediately before : Darzu the Son of God appeared and see, what love the Father has shown us . It begins with the last verse of the reading, Isaiah's prophecy. Its fulfillment describes, as the second movement, the fourth stanza of the chorale A child born in Bethlehem (after Puer natus in Bethlehem , 1543): The kings of Saba came . The first recitative concludes that it is the duty of every Christian to bring a gift too, namely his own heart. This becomes the subject of the following aria . The second recitative compares faith with gold, prayer with frankincense and patience with myrrh; this too becomes the subject of the following aria. The final chorale is the 10th stanza of Paul Gerhardt's chorale I have in God's heart and mind , which Bach later arranged in the chorale cantata BWV 92 of the same name .

Occupation and structure

Bach headlined the cantata as follows:

JJ Festo Epiphan: Concerto. à 2 Core du Chasse. 2 Hautb: da Caccia. | due to Fiauti 2 Violini è Viola with 4 Voci

She is festively occupied. The two male solo voices, tenor and bass , and the four-part choir are accompanied by two horns , two recorders , two oboi da caccia , two violins , viola and basso continuo . Bach placed a pair of horns in his 1724 Christmas cantata, Praise be to you, Jesus Christ, BWV 91 , and in Part IV, Fallt mit Danken, joins his Christmas Oratorio with praise .

  1. Coro: They'll all be from Saba
  2. Chorale: The kings from Saba came
  3. Recitativo (bass): What Isaiah foresaw there
  4. Aria (bass, oboe da caccia): Gold from Ophir is too bad
  5. Recitativo (tenor): Do not disdain, you, the light of my soul
  6. Aria (tenor, all instruments): Make me your own
  7. Chorale: Well, my God, I'll fall for you

music

The opening choir describes how "all", not just the three wise men, gather and move to worship. Horn signals call and remain present during the movement. Canonical and imitative developments mark the growth of the crowd. The middle section is an extended choral fugue , framed by two sections in which the voices are embedded in a repetition of the instrumental introduction. In connection with his Bach Cantata Pilgrimage, John Eliot Gardiner noted that the instrumentation mimics the music of the Near East: recorders in the high registers, which are often associated with music from the Middle East, oboes da caccia (in tenor register) for the shawl-like reed instruments ( Salamiya and Zurna ) (“the high pitches often associated with oriental music and the oboes da caccia (in tenor register) to evoke the shawm-like double-reed instruments ...”).

The old chorale, which tells about the coming of the kings from Saba, has four voices. Both recitatives are secco and the arias have no da capo . The first recitative ends as an arioso on the words: "because I cannot bring anything noble". This modesty is expressed in the following aria through the low register of the oboes da caccia and the bass part. The tenor recitative ends with the words: “The greatest abundance of wealth will one day be in heaven for me”. To show this abundance, the following aria is accompanied by all instruments that appear both in concert and together. The final chorale is always sung to the melody of Was mein Gott wants, das g'scheh , which Bach often used later, for example in his chorale cantata of the same name and as movement 25 of his St. Matthew Passion .

Recordings

Individual evidence

  1. The Use of Horns in BWV 65 "They will all come from Saba" ( English , PDF; 1.2 MB) NBA . 2010. Retrieved December 27, 2010.
  2. ^ Brian Robins: Cantata No. 65, “They will all come from Saba,” BWV 65 ( English ) Allmusic . 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  3. ^ John Eliot Gardiner : Cantatas for Epiphany / Nikolaikirche, Leipzig ( English ) solideogloria.co.uk. 2010. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 28, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.solideogloria.co.uk

Web links