Heart and mouth and deed and life
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| Heart and mouth and deed and life | |
| BWV: | 147 / 147a |
| Occasion: | Visitation of the Virgin Mary / 4th Advent |
| Year of origin: | 1723/1716 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig / Weimar |
| Genus: | cantata |
| Solo : | SATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Tr 2Ob Oa 2Oc Fg 2Vn Va Bc |
| AD : | approx. 34 min (147) |
| text | |
| Salomon Franck , Martin Jahn | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
Heart and Mouth and Action and Life is the title of two church cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach . He originally composed a cantata in Weimar for the 4th Advent in 1716 ( BWV 147a) and expanded it in Leipzig in 1723 for the Feast of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary (BWV 147).
Emergence
The cantata in the form known today was composed for July 2, 1723, the Feast of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary , and thus belongs to the first Leipzig cantatas year. It is based on the Weimar cantata BWV 147a from 1716, of which only the text has been preserved. It is unclear whether Bach even completed or performed the composition of this original version. The Weimar template was revised and greatly expanded by Bach in Leipzig. The original poetry by Salomon Franck was adopted in the Leipzig version; the final chorales from the Leipzig version (movements 6 and 10) are stanzas 6 and 17 of Martin Janus ' Choral Jesu, Meine Seelen Wonne (1661 or 1668) with the melody Become lively, my mind by Johann Schop .
Subject
The text by Franck, written for Advent , was carried over by Bach in the Leipzig version to the Marienfest, since in Leipzig there was a tempus clausum during Advent and cantatas were only allowed to be performed on the 1st Sunday of Advent.
The central theme is the public confession of God and Jesus . While the original version of the text from 1716 relates the confession to the person of John the Baptist , the text parts added later transfer this meaning to Mary and her Magnificat (Gospel on July 2nd) as a model for the congregation present. The recitative (4th movement) makes particular reference to the content of the Magnificat.
construction
Leipzig version (BWV 147)
Formally, the ten-movement cantata consists of two parts, which were performed before and after the sermon and conclude with an identical choral movement (see below ), a chorale arrangement.
First part
- Coro (Tr, Ob I / II, Vl I / II, Va, Bc): heart and mouth and deed and life
- Recitativo T (Vl I / II, Va, Bc): Given the mouth
- Aria A (Oa, Bc): Don't be ashamed, oh soul
- Recitativo B (Bc): Obstinacy can blind the mighty
- Aria S (Vs, Bc): Prepare yourself, Jesus, still itzo the path
- Choral (Tr, Ob I / II, Vl I / II, Va, Bc): I'm happy that I have Jesus
Second part
- Aria T (Bc): Help, Jesus, help that I also confess you
- Recitativo A (Oc I / II, Bc): The supreme omnipotence miracle hand
- Aria B (Tr, Ob I / II, Vl I / II, Va, Bc): I want to sing about Jesus' miracles
- Choral (Tr, Ob I / II, Vl I / II, Va, Bc): Jesus remains my joy
Weimar version (BWV 147a)
- Coro: heart and mouth and action and life
- Aria A: Don't be ashamed, oh soul
- Aria T: Help, Jesus, help that I also confess you
- Aria S: Prepare yourself, Jesus, the path today
- Aria B: Let me hear the caller's voice
- Chorale: Your word let me confess
Occupation (Leipzig)
- Singing parts: soprano , alto , tenor , bass , all both as tutti and with solo tasks
- Orchestra: tromba , oboe I / II (also as oboe d'amore and oboe da caccia I / II), violin I / II, viola , basso continuo with bassoon
particularities
The work is one of the popular and relatively frequently performed Bach cantatas . In the lavish opening choir, a solo trumpet underscores the festive character of the piece in a virtuoso manner. The two final chorales of the first and second part Good for me that I have Jesus and Jesus remains my joy are framed by a triplet string melody and are among the internationally most popular compositions of Bach, not least due to numerous arrangements and performances in the 20th century, such as through the pianists Myra Hess and Dinu Lipatti . A pop version of Apollo 100 made it to number 6 on the US charts under the title Joy .
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of the cantatas JSBachs . 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4
- Hans-Joachim Schulze: The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-374-02390-8 ; Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Edition Bach Archive Leipzig)
- Christoph Wolff, Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas . Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4
Web links
- Complete text and instrumentation of the cantata in The Bach Cantatas
- Heart and Mouth and Tat and Life, BWV 147 : Notes and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- BWV 147 Herz und Mund und Tat und Leben Text, structure and composition on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
- BWV 147a Heart and Mouth and Action and Life (Music Lost) Text, structure and line-up on Walter F. Bischof's personal homepage at the University of Alberta
- Data and text of the Weimar version from Bach Digital
- Data and text of the Leipzig version from Bach Digital
Individual evidence
- ↑ This melody was the text u. a in Schemelli's hymn book (Leipzig 1736), on which Bach collaborated musically ( digitized ).
- ↑ For emphasis on the Elénden cf. Misery , etymolog. annotation
