Stay with us, because evening will come (BWV 6)
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| Stay with us, because evening will come | |
| BWV: | 6th |
| Occasion: | 2nd day of Easter |
| Year of origin: | 1725 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | Church cantata |
| Solo : | SATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | 2Ob Oc 2Vl Va Vp Bc |
| AD : | approx. 26 min |
| text | |
| unknown poet; Philipp Melanchthon ; Nikolaus Selnecker , Martin Luther |
|
| List of Bach cantatas | |
Stay with us, because evening will come ( BWV 6) is a church cantata for the 2nd Easter day by Johann Sebastian Bach .
Emergence
Bach composed the cantata for the 2nd Easter festival day ( Easter Monday ) in his second year as Thomaskantor in Leipzig . In that year, beginning with the 1st Sunday after Trinity 1724, he began a yearly cycle of choral cantatas, which he broke off with the cantata for Palm Sunday.
The prescribed readings for the feast day were as the epistle the sermon of Peter from the Acts of the Apostles ( Acts 10,34-43 LUT ) and as the gospel the walk to Emmaus ( Lk 24,13-35 LUT ). An unknown poet began the text in six sentences with verse 29 of the Gospel, used as sentence 3 two stanzas of a song with the same content, which Philipp Melanchthon began and Nikolaus Selnecker continued, and ended with the 2nd stanza of Martin Luther's chorale “ Receive us , Lord, by your word ”(1542). The poet followed the tradition of transferring the falling night with its darkness and the request not to remain alone to the general situation of believers. Without going into the gospel in more detail, Jesus is thematized as light in this darkness. The poet was possibly a theologian who alludes to a sentence on the subject from Revelation in sentence 4 ( Rev 2,5 LUT ). The chorale in sentence 3 is in the first stanza, "Oh stay with us, Lord Jesus Christ", a translation of the Latin "Vespera iam venit", the second stanza, "In this last sad time", wrote Nicolaus Selnecker in 1572.
Bach performed the Easter cantata for the first time on April 2, 1725. The day before he had played the early choral cantata Christ lay in Todes Banden again, so stay with us is the first new cantata in the 2nd year that is not a choral cantata. Another performance was possibly on April 13, 1727, two other performances are documented by sources but cannot be dated.
Occupation and structure
| Choir: Stay with us, because evening will come |
|
Aria (old): Highly praised Son of God |
|
Choral (soprano): Oh stay with us, Lord Jesus Christ |
|
Recitativo (bass): The darkness has taken over in many places |
|
Aria (tenor): Jesus, let's look at you |
|
Chorale: Prove your power, Lord Jesus Christ |
The cantata is made up of four soloists, soprano , alto , tenor and bass , four-part choir, two oboes , oboe da caccia , two violins , viola, cello piccolo and basso continuo . The voices are headed: “Feria 2 Paschatos / Stay with us that it will evening / be / â / 4. Voc: / 2 Hautbois / Hautb: da Caccia / 2 Violini / Viola / Violoncello piccolo / e / Continuo / di Sign: / Johann Sebastian Bach".
music
After Bach in c. 40 chorale cantatas began with a chorale fantasy, the opening chorus of Bleib bei uns is a complex structure consisting of a predominantly homophonic first section, a fugal middle section and a shortened recapitulation of the first section. The instruments introduce a theme that the voices vividly repeat when asked to “stay with us”. The theme and ductus in the manner of a saraband as well as the key of C minor are similar to the final chorus of the St. John Passion , “Rest well”. The faster fugue in 4/4 time contrasts several partly lively themes with the text “Stay with us”, sung at the same pitch, as a symbol of staying.
Movement 2 is an alto aria with oboe oboe da caccia. With that Bach chose a dark voice and a dark accompanying instrument. The first topic arises, corresponding to the words "Praised Son of God". The sinking of darkness in the 2nd section becomes evident through descending whole tones.
In movement 3, the chorale verses are sung by the soprano without decoration, played around by a violoncello piccolo in an even lower register than in the previous movement. Bach included the chorale in his Schübler chorales .
A short secco recitative is followed as movement 5 by a tenor aria, accompanied by lively figures from the 1st violin. The singing voice takes over the characters when the light of the divine word is treated in the second part of the aria.
Movement 6 is a simple four-part choral movement.
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of JS Bach's Cantatas , 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4
- Hans-Joachim Schulze: The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Leipzig: Evangelical publishing company; Stuttgart: Carus-Verlag 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig) ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verl.)
- Christoph Wolff, Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas . Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart, Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4
Web links
- Stay with us, because evening will come, BWV 6 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Stay with us because the evening will come. History, cast, sources for text and music, translations into several languages, recordings and discussion, on the private website Bach Cantatas (English)
- Stay with us, because there will be an evening cast and sources for each sentence, on the private website bach.de
- BWV 6 Stay with us, because evening will come Text, structure and cast on Walter F. Bischof's personal homepage at the University of Alberta
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Klaus Hofmann : Stay with us, because evening will come, BWV 6 (PDF;) bach-cantatas.com. Pp. 15-16. 2007. Retrieved April 12, 2014.
- ↑ a b c BWV 6 later version . s-line.de. Retrieved April 12, 2014.
- ↑ a b c d e Alfred Dürr : The Cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach , 4th edition, Volume 1, Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, 1981, ISBN 3-4230-4080-7 , pp. 242–244.
- ↑ a b Julian Mincham: Chapter 43 BWV 6 Stay with us, because it will be evening / Linger with us, as the evening approaches. ( English ) jsbachcantatas.com. 2010. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
- ↑ a b Stay with us, because evening will be BWV 6; BC A 57 / cantata . bach-digital.de. Retrieved April 12, 2014.
