Let the poor eat
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| Let the poor eat | |
| BWV: | 75 |
| Occasion: | 1st Sunday after Trinity |
| Year of origin: | 1723 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | cantata |
| Solo : | SATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Tr 2Ob Oa Fg 2Vl Va Bc |
| text | |
| unknown | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
The poor should eat ( BWV 75) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed it for the 1st Sunday after Trinity and performed it for the first time in Leipzig in the Nikolaikirche on May 30, 1723. Bach took up his position as a cantor in Leipzig and began his first annual cycle of cantatas.
Story and words
Bach composed the cantata for his assumption of office as cantor in Leipzig on the 1st Sunday after Trinity, May 30th, 1723. He began a project to compose new cantatas for all occasions of the church year.
The score is written particularly neatly on paper that does not come from Leipzig, so it can be assumed that Bach composed the complex work in 14 movements in Koethen.
The prescribed readings for Sunday were 1 Joh 4,16-21 LUT , “God is love”, and Lk 16,19–31 LUT , the parable of the rich man and poor Lazarus . The unknown poet takes a psalm verse, Ps 22.27 LUT , which addresses the image of food, as a starting point and thereby links the Gospel with the Old Testament , as did later the cantata Brich the Hungry Your Bread, BWV 39 , with a quotation the Old Testament begins. In the first part of the work, which consists of seven movements, the poet goes into the contrast between wealth and poverty. In a symmetrical second part, also made up of seven movements, to be played after the sermon, he deepens the topic of thoughts on spiritual poverty and spiritual wealth: "Jesus makes me spiritually rich" and "O poverty that is not like wealth!". Both parts are resolved by Samuel Rodigast , each with a stanza of the chant What God does, that is well done , the first part with the second, the second part with the sixth stanza.
A Leipzig chronicle, “Acta Lipsiensium academica”, reported on the also social event: “… led… Hr. Joh. Sebastian Bach ... with good applause on his first music “.
Bach used the sentence of the final chorale again in an expanded form in the cantata “What God does, that is well done” (BWV 100).
Occupation and structure
The cantata is made up of four soloists, soprano , alto , tenor and bass , four-part choir, trumpet , two oboes , oboe d'amore , two violins , viola and basso continuo with bassoon .
- part One
- 1. Coro: Let the poor eat
- 2. Recitativo (bass): What helps the majesty of purple
- 3. Aria (tenor): My Jesus should be my everything
- 4. Recitativo (tenor): God falls and exalts
- 5. Aria (soprano): I take on my suffering with joy
- 6. Recitativo (soprano): God gives a good conscience
- 7. Chorale: What God does is done well
- Part II
- 8th Sinfonia
- 9. Recitativo (alto): Only one thing offends
- 10. Aria (old): Jesus makes me spiritually rich
- 11. Recitativo (bass): Who only remains in Jesus
- 12. Aria (bass): My heart believes and loves
- 13. Recitativo (tenor): O poverty that is not like wealth!
- 14. Chorale: What God does is done well
In both parts recitatives and arias alternate and are concluded with a chorale, only part II does not begin with a choral movement, but with an instrumental chorale fantasy.
music
Bach opens the cantata meaningfully in the style of a French overture . A year later he chose a similar form to begin his second cycle of chorale cantatas with O Ewigkeit, du Donnerwort, BWV 20 . As Alfred Dürr observes, the sequence of a slow section with a sharply dotted rhythm and a lively fugue can also be viewed as a prelude and fugue. The first part treats two sections of the text differently, like a motet , separated by an interlude. In the title line, the word die Elénden is emphasized on the second syllable in the old style. The fugue deals with the text "Your heart should live forever" in three developments, again subdivided by interludes.
Four of the recitatives are secco, accompanied only by the continuo, but the first recitative of each part is accompagnato, additionally accompanied by the strings. In the arias, the voice and instruments usually share the same musical material. The four arias can be viewed as a dance suite , the tenor aria as a polonaise , the soprano aria as a minuet , the altaria as a passepied and the bassaria as a gigue . In the last aria, the trumpet begins the movement and then accompanies the bass in virtuoso figuration to give the words "My heart believes and loves" shine.
The music of the two chorale stanzas is identical. The movement is not simply four-part, as in most of Bach's later cantatas, but the vocal parts are built into a concerto of the orchestra, led by violin I and oboe I. The motif of the concerto is derived from the first chorale line.
The sinfonia at the beginning of Part II, unusual in Bach's cantatas, is particularly noteworthy as it depicts a chorale fantasy about the same chorale melody. The trumpet, which was silent in the first part, plays the cantus firmus against a polyphonic string section and emphasizes once more “What God does is done well”.
Recordings
- The Bach Cantata, Vol. 38. Helmuth Rilling , Frankfurter Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Ingeborg Reichelt , Julia Hamari , Adalbert Kraus , Hanns-Friedrich Kunz . Hänssler, 1970.
- JS Bach: Das Kantatenwerk - Sacred Cantatas Vol. 4. Gustav Leonhardt , Knabenchor Hannover , Collegium Vocale Gent , Leonhardt-Consort , Marcus Klein (soloist of the Boys Choir Hannover), Paul Esswood , Adalbert Kraus , Max van Egmond . Teldec , 1977.
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 6. Ton Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Ruth Ziesak , Elisabeth von Magnus , Paul Agnew , Klaus Mertens . Antoine Marchand, 1998.
- JS Bach: Cantatas Vol. 8 - Leipzig Cantatas. Masaaki Suzuki , Bach Collegium Japan , Midori Suzuki , Yoshikazu Mera , Robin Blaze , Gerd Türk , Peter Kooy . UP, 1998.
- Bach Cantatas Vol. 1: City of London / For the 1st Sunday after Trinity. John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , Gillian Keith , Wilke te Brummelstroete , Paul Agnew, Dietrich Henschel . Soli Deo Gloria, 2000.
- JS Bach: crying, lamenting ... Philippe Herreweghe , Collegium Vocale Gent, Carolyn Sampson , Daniel Taylor , Mark Padmore , Peter Kooij. Harmonia Mundi France, 2003.
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3 .
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of JS Bach's Cantatas , 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4 .
- Hans-Joachim Schulze : The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Leipzig: Evangelical publishing company; Stuttgart: Carus-Verlag 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig) ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verl.)
- Christoph Wolff / Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas. Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006 ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4 .
Web links
- The wretched shall eat, BWV 75 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Cantata BWV 75 Let the wretched eat that they are satisfied on bach cantatas website
- The wretched should eat on the Bach website
- BWV 75 The wretched should eat Text, structure and cast on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
- BWV 75 The wretched shall eat University of Vermont
Individual evidence
- ↑ Christoph Wolff : Bach: Essays on his Life and Music ( English ) 1991. Retrieved on June 21, 2011.
- ↑ Carol Traupman-Carr: Cantata 75, The wretched shall eat ( English ) The Bach Choir of Bethlehem. 2006. Archived from the original on October 1st, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
- ↑ a b c d e Julian Mincham: Chapter 2 BWV 75 Die Elenden shall eat / The first cantata of the cycle for the First Sunday after Trinity. ( English ) jsbachcantatas.com. 2010. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
- ^ A b John Eliot Gardiner : Cantatas for the First Sunday after Trinity / St Giles Cripplegate, London ( English ) monteverdiproductions.co.uk. 2004. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
- ↑ Wolfgang Schmieder: Bach Works Directory, 3rd edition Leipzig 1961.
- ↑ cf. Misery, individual proof 1
- ↑ What God does is well done ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2008. Retrieved June 21, 2011.
