You should love God your Lord
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| You should love God your Lord | |
| BWV: | 77 |
| Occasion: | 13th Sunday after Trinity |
| Year of origin: | 1723 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | cantata |
| Solo : | SATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Tt 2Ob 2Vl Va Bc |
| text | |
| Johann Oswald Knauer | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
You should love God your Lord ( BWV 77) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed it in Leipzig in 1723 for the 13th Sunday after Trinity and performed it for the first time on August 22, 1723.
Story and words
Bach composed the cantata in his first year in office in Leipzig in 1723 for the 13th Sunday after Trinity.
The prescribed readings for Sunday were Gal 3 : 15–22 LUT , Paul on “law and promise”, and Lk 10,23–37 LUT , the parable of the good Samaritan . According to Christoph Wolff , the cantata text comes from Johann Oswald Knauer and appeared in Gotha in 1720 in "God-sanctified singing and playing". The text is based closely on the Gospel, especially the prehistory of the story of the Good Samaritan. The scribe's question as to what he must do in order to attain the kingdom of heaven should be answered by himself: the commandment to love God and one's neighbor. This double commandment of love is the text of the first sentence. Accordingly, the following text is divided into two parts, a recitative and an aria deal with love for God, and a symmetrical couple deal with love for one's neighbor. The text of the final chorale has not survived. Karl Friedrich Zelter proposed the eighth stanza of David Denicke's chorale When One Understood All Things (1657). Werner Neumann proposed the eighth stanza of Denicke's O God's Son, Lord Jesus Christ (1657), “Lord, dwell in me through faith”.
Occupation and structure
The cantata consists of four soloists, soprano , alto , tenor and bass , four-part choir, tromba da tirarsi ( baroque trumpet ), two oboes , two violins , viola and basso continuo .
- Coro: You should love God your Lord
- Recitativo (bass): That's how it has to be!
- Aria (soprano): My God, I love you dearly
- Recitativo (tenor): Give me, my God! a Samaritan heart
- Aria (old): Oh, it stays in my love
- Chorale: Lord, dwell in me by faith
music
The opening chorus contains Bach's interpretation of the decisive commandment, on which the whole law and the prophets depend, according to the parallel passage in Mt 22 : 34-40 LUT . Bach had already discussed the dualism of love for God and brotherly love in his extensive cantata in 14 movements The Heavens Tell the Glory of God at the beginning of his first cycle of cantatas. To show the universality of the law, he introduces Luther's chant These are the sacred ten commandments , which addresses the commandments of the Old Testament , and structures the sentence through him. The chorale melody is played in canon, the strictest musical form. The canon is played by the trumpet, in the highest register, and the continuo in the lowest register. In addition, the trumpet plays twice as fast as the bass in the lower fourth canon, so it can repeat individual lines and finally the entire melody, with ten symbolic entries. The singing voices, representing the New Testament law , move in imitation on a theme derived from the chorale melody and first introduced by the instruments.
A short secco recitative leads to an aria, which is accompanied by two obbligato oboes in frequent parallel thirds. The prayer character of the second recitative is underlined by strings. In the last aria in the form of a sarabande , Bach represents the imperfection mentioned in the text by having an obbligato trumpet play difficult intervals and delicate notes that can only be incompletely reproduced on the baroque trumpet, while in the middle section, according to John Eliot Gardiner , allows a glimpse into the divine world in a long trumpet solo of great beauty.
The final chorale is a four-part movement to the melody of Luther's Oh God, from heaven see it (1524).
Recordings
- The Bach Cantata Vol. 47 , Helmuth Rilling , Gächinger Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Helen Donath , Helen Watts , Adalbert Kraus , Wolfgang Schöne , Hänssler 1983
- JS Bach: Das Kantatenwerk - Sacred Cantatas Vol. 4 , Gustav Leonhardt , Knabenchor Hannover , Collegium Vocale Gent , Leonhardt-Consort , Soloist of the Knabenchor Hannover, Paul Esswood , Adalbert Kraus , Max van Egmond , Teldec 1978
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 8 , Ton Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Dorothea Röschmann , Elisabeth von Magnus , Jörg Dürmüller , Klaus Mertens , Antoine Marchand 1998
- JS Bach: Cantatas Vol. 13 - Cantatas from Leipzig 1723 , Masaaki Suzuki , Bach Collegium Japan , Yoshie Hida, Kirsten Sollek-Avella, Makoto Sakurada, Peter Kooij , BIS 1999
- Bach Cantatas Vol. 6: Köthen / Frankfurt / For the 12th Sunday after Trinity / For the 13th Sunday after Trinity , John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , Gillian Keith, Nathalie Stutzmann , Christoph Genz , Jonathan Brown, Soli Deo Gloria 1990
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of JSBachs Cantatas , 1947. 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4
- Hans-Joachim Schulze : The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-374-02390-8 ; Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Edition Bach Archive Leipzig)
- Christoph Wolff , Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4
Web links
- You should love God your Lord, BWV 77 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Cantata BWV 77 You should love God your Lord by Bach Cantatas (English)
- You should love God your Lord on the Bach website
- BWV 77 You should God, your lords, love text, structure and composition on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Christoph Wolff : On the first annual cycle of Bach's Cantatas for the Leipzig liturgy (1723–1724) ( en , PDF; 10.7 MB) bach-cantatas.com. 2008. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
- ↑ When one understands all things / Text and Translation of Chorale by Bach Cantatas (English)
- ↑ O God's Son, Lord Jesus Christ at Bach Cantatas (English)
- ↑ Walter F. Bischof: You should love God your Lord ( s ) University of Alberta . Retrieved March 29, 2010.
- ↑ a b c John Eliot Gardiner : Cantatas for the Thirteenth Sunday after Trinity / Dreikönigskirche, Frankfurt ( en , PDF; 127 kB) bach-cantatas.com. 2007. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
