I have enough

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Bach cantata
I have enough
BWV: 82 (82a)
Occasion: Virgin Mary Purification
Year of origin: 1727 (1731?)
Place of origin: Leipzig
Genus: Solo cantata
Solo : B (S)
Instruments : Ob (Ft, Oc) 2Vl Va Bc
text
Christoph Birkmann
List of Bach cantatas
The Praise of Simeon , Aert de Gelder , approx. 1700–1710

I have enough ( BWV 82; original title: “Ich haben Enough”) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed the solo cantata for bass in Leipzig for the Festival of the Purification of the Virgin and performed it for the first time on February 2, 1727. In the 1730s he created a version for soprano , BWV 82a . Parts of the cantata were copied into the music book for Anna Magdalena Bach . The work is performed frequently and has been recorded most frequently in Bach's church cantatas.

Story and words

Bach wrote the cantata in his fourth year in Leipzig for the feast of the Purification of the Virgin . The prescribed readings were Mal 3,1–4  LUT and Lk 2,22–32  LUT , the representation of the Lord . The gospel briefly mentions the purification of Mary and elaborates on Simeon , who was prophesied that he would not die until he saw the Messiah. His hymn of praise Nunc dimittis ("Lord, now you let your servant go in peace") is an integral part of Compline and the Anglican Evensong .

In previous years, Bach had performed two cantatas for the festival that also focus on Simeon's hymn of praise, Erfreute Zeit im neue Bunde , BWV 83 , 1724 and the choral cantata on Luther's hymn as a paraphrase of the hymn of praise, With Fried and Freud I'm going there , BWV 125 , 1725. Even more than in his earlier works, the theologian and Bach student Christoph Birkmann (1703–1771), as a lyricist in I Have Enough, emphasizes the longing to escape earthly misery and to be united with Jesus.

Bach first performed the cantata on February 2, 1727. The preserved score and the parts show that he performed the cantata at least three more times, in a version for soprano, BWV 82a, first maybe 1731 or even as early as 1730, another version for soprano 1735, finally again for bass, with only minor changes to the original, after 1745. Apparently Bach valued the work very much.

The first recitative and a large part of the aria Schlummert ein were copied into the little music book for Anna Magdalena Bach in a version with continuo accompaniment, probably by Anna Magdalena Bach herself for her own use. Other cantatas that Bach performed on the occasion of the Purification of the Virgin were, according to Alfred Dürr : Come, you sweet hour of death , BWV 161 , I will not let you, you will bless me , BWV 157 , and Peace be with you , BWV 158 , to similar ones Subjects.

In the first version of the cantata, the choice of the bass voice is presumably based on the aged Simeon. The soprano voice makes it clearer that the situation applies to believers in general.

Occupation and structure

The solo bass is accompanied in five movements by oboe , two violins , viola and basso continuo (with separately written out and deviating parts for organ and bass instrument).

  1. Aria: I've had enough
  2. Recitativo: I've had enough
  3. Aria: Fall asleep, you dull eyes
  4. Recitativo: My God! when the beautiful comes: Well!
  5. Aria: I'm looking forward to my death

There is another version from the 1730s for soprano (BWV 82a), transposed from C minor to E minor , with Flauto traverso instead of the oboe. In a 1740s version for bass, an oboe da caccia is the obligatory instrument.

music

The first movement, an aria, begins with an expressive melody of the obbligato oboe, which is taken over from the singing voice to the words “I've had enough”. It begins with a sixth jump up, which is reminiscent of the aria “Mercy you” in Bach's St. Matthew Passion . The first motif is modified into a phrase that appears at the end of all three vocal sections. A similar motif begins in the middle section with the words “I saw him”, but turns up at the end. Klaus Hofmann hears in the “elegiac tones” of this aria the “serene satiety of Simeon”.

The following recitative begins with the same words as the aria, “I've had enough”, on a new melody. In the middle section, the thought “Let's go with this man!” Is emphasized by an arioso in which the accompaniment follows the singer.

The central aria "Doze asleep, you dull eyes" is known as the slumber aria. In a complex structure, it is not only in da capo form, made up of three sections framed by a ritornello , but also repeats the beginning part one more time in the middle of the middle part. The frequent use of an organ point emphasizes calm, often a fermata interrupts the forward movement.

A short secco recitative, “My God! When the beautiful comes: Well! ”ends with a downward-going line in the continuo, which illustrates both farewell and entombment.

The final aria, “I'm looking forward to my death”, is related to the first in many ways, through the accompanying instrument, the key and the three- note meter . It is faster, called “ Vivace ”, a joyful dance in which death appears as the fulfillment of a longing.

Recordings

As one of the most famous church cantatas by Bach, which is also available for male and female voices, I was recorded particularly often enough . It is available in more than 100 complete recordings. Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau recorded the cantata three times, in 1951 with Karl Ristenpart , 1969 with Karl Richter , 1983 with Helmuth Rilling . In 1966, Janet Baker was the soloist in a recording with Yehudi Menuhin .

Art installation

In 2005, Alexandra Ranner created the installation “I have enough”. It's a small house with a whip lantern next to it. A video film can be seen through a window in the building in which a disembodied head drifting in a river sings the Bach cantata “I have enough”. The installation, which was initially shown in Berlin, was bought by the Herford entrepreneur Heiner Wemhöner and has stood on his property on Lockhauser Strasse in Herford since October 2015 . Since October 2017 it has been in the center of Herford on Petersilienstraße across from the Frühherrenhaus on the grounds of the Johanniskirche . The video film can be seen there daily from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m., and from 3 p.m. to 8 p.m. in winter.

literature

  • Alfred Dürr: Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3 and Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag 1995, ISBN 3-4230-4431-4 .
  • Werner Neumann : Handbook of the cantatas by JS Bach . Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig 1947. 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4 .
  • Hans-Joachim Schulze: The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig; Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig) ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verl.)
  • Christoph Wolff and Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas. JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4 .
  • Christine Blanken: A Cantata-Text Cycle of 1728 from Nuremberg: A preliminary report on a discovery relating to JS Bach's so-called 'Third Annual Cycle' , in: Understanding Bach 10, pp. 9–30 (PDF)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d e f Alfred Dürr : The cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach , 4th edition, volume 1, Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, 1981, ISBN 3-4230-4080-7 , pp. 542-545.
  2. ↑ a b c d Christoph Wolff : On the Third Leipzig Cantatas of Bach (1725-1727) - I (PDF), bach-cantatas.com, 2001, p. 15 (accessed on January 27, 2013).
  3. ↑ a b c d Julian Mincham: Chapter 36 BWV 82 I have enough / I have sufficient. ( English ) jsbachcantatas.com. 2010. Retrieved January 27, 2013.
  4. ↑ a b Klaus Hofmann : I have enough, BWV 82 (PDF; 465 kB) bach-cantatas.com. P. 14, 2006. Retrieved January 27, 2013.
  5. ↑ Art installation “I have enough” on Alexandra Ranner's website at the Johanniskirche and Lockhauser Straße locations in Herford as well as an excerpt from the video film
  6. ↑ Photos from the opening of the work of art “I have enough” at the Herford Johanniskirche on Alexandra Ranner's website
  7. ↑ Neue Westfälische from October 3, 2017, Ralf Bittner: New artwork at the St. Johanniskirche
Cantatas (BWV), oratorios and passions by Johann Sebastian Bach
Sacred cantatas

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Secular cantatas

30a • 34a • 36c • 134a • 173a • 198 • 201 • 202 • 203 • 204 • 205 • 206 • 207 • 207a • 208 • 209 • 210 • 210a • 211 • 212 • 213 • 214 • 215 • 216a • 249a

Cantatas not preserved

App. 1 • App. 2 • App. 3 • App. 4 • App. 4a • App. 5 • App. 6 • App. 7 • App. 8 • App. 9 • App. 10 • App. 11 • App. 12 • App. 13 • App. 14 • App. 15 • App. 16 • App. 17 • App. 18 • App. 19

Passions

St. Matthew Passion (BWV 244) • St. John Passion (BWV 245) • St. Luke Passion (BWV 246) (Bach's authorship questioned) • St. Mark Passion (BWV 247)

Oratorios

Ascension Oratorio (BWV 11) • Christmas Oratorio (BWV 248) • Easter Oratorio (BWV 249)