You will cry and howl
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| You will cry and howl | |
| BWV: | 103 |
| Occasion: | Jubilate |
| Year of origin: | 1725 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | Church cantata |
| Solo : | ATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Tr Fp 2Oa 2Vl Va Bc |
| text | |
| Christiana Mariana von Ziegler , Paul Gerhardt | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
You will cry and howl ( BWV 103) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed it in Leipzig for the Sunday Jubilate and performed it for the first time on April 22, 1725.
Story and words
Bach wrote the cantata for the Sunday Jubilate , the third Sunday after Easter. The prescribed readings were 1 Petr 2 : 11-20 LUT , "Be subject to all human order" and John 16 : 16-23 LUT from Jesus' farewell speeches. Bach had previously set the contrast between mourning and joy mentioned therein for the same occasion in Weimar in 1714 , in the cantata Weinen, Klagen, Sorge, Zagen , whose first choral movement he used as the basis for the Crucifixus of his B minor Mass .
The text of the cantata was written by the poet Christiana Mariana von Ziegler as the first of nine texts she wrote for Bach. It begins with a quote from the Gospel, verse 20, and ends with the 9th stanza of the hymn "Merciful Father, Most High God" by Paul Gerhardt (1653). Her own poetry illuminates in a series of recitatives and arias in two sentences the sadness over the farewell to Jesus, in two more the joy over his promised return. Bach edited the poem, especially in sentence 4, which he shortened drastically.
Bach first performed the cantata on April 22nd, 1725. He changed the instrumentation for later performances.
Occupation and structure
The cantata is made up of three vocal soloists ( alto , tenor and bass ), four-part choir, trumpet , flauto piccolo (treble recorder), two oboes d'amore , two violins , viola and basso continuo . The cantata contains six movements.
- Coro e arioso (bass): You will cry and howl
- Recitativo (tenor): Who shouldn't get lost in lawsuits
- Aria (old): No doctor can be found but you
- Aria (old): You will refresh me again after the fear
- Aria (tenor): Relax, troubled senses
- Chorale: I have you a moment
music
The opening choir is an unusual movement in which Bach builds an arioso for bass into the choral movement. All instruments except the trumpet play a ritornello , then a chorus fugue describes the weeping and howling of which the text speaks, with new themes full of chromatics and excessive intervals. In great contrast, the following line, “but the world will be happy”, is expressed by a choral movement embedded in the beginning of the ritornello. The sequence is repeated one more time in greater detail, this time the fugue treats both lines of text as a double fugue, the material of the second line being taken from the ritornello, after which the whole ritornello is repeated with the built-in chorus. The bass as the Vox Christi (voice of Christ) sings three times, suddenly adagio , "But you will be sad" as accompaniment recitatives. Finally, the extended sequence of fugue and ritornello is repeated with chorus transposed to the text “But your sadness should be turned into joy”. The architecture of the movement combines elements of the motet with those of the concerto .
Movement 2 is a secco recitative for tenor that ends in an arioso with an expressive melisma on the word "pain". Movement 3 is an aria for alto with an obligatory flauto piccolo. The alto recitative brings a twist, it begins in B minor , like the opening chorus, but modulates to D major and ends with a wide-ranging coloratura on the word "Freude". Movement 5 takes over the joyful coloratura, supported by the trumpet and fanfares in triad motifs in the orchestra. The cantata closes with a four-part set to the melody of “ Was mein Gott wants, das g'scheh allzeit ”, which Bach often used, including in his St. Matthew Passion .
Recordings (selection)
LP / CD
- Bach Made in Germany Vol. 1 - Cantatas IV. Günther Ramin , Thomanerchor , Gewandhausorchester , Eva Fleischer , Gert Lutze. Eterna, 1951.
- Les Grandes Cantates de JS Bach, Vol. 22. Fritz Werner , Heinrich Schütz Choir Heilbronn , Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra , Barbara Scherler, Georg Jelden, Jakob Stämpfli . Erato , 1966.
- Bach Cantatas, Vol. 8: BWV 103, 85, 86, 144. Diethard Hellmann , Bach Choir Mainz , Bach Orchestra Mainz, Marie-Luise Gilles, Kurt Equiluz . DdM-Records Mitterteich, late 1960s?
- JS Bach: The Cantata Work, Volume 26 - BWV 103-106. Gustav Leonhardt , Knabenchor Hannover , Collegium Vocale Gent , Leonhardt-Consort , soloist of the Knabenchor Hannover, Paul Esswood , Kurt Equiluz , Max van Egmond . Telefunken , 1980.
- The Bach Cantata Vol. 32. Helmuth Rilling , Gächinger Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Doris Soffel , Peter Schreier , Walter Heldwein. Hänssler, 1981.
- Bach Edition Vol. 12 - Cantatas Vol. 6. Pieter Jan Leusink , Holland Boys Choir , Netherlands Bach Collegium , Sytse Buwalda, Knut Schoch , Bas Ramselaar. Brilliant Classics, 1999.
- Bach Cantatas Vol. 24: Altenburg / Warwick / For the 3rd Sunday after Easter (Jubilate) / For for the 4th Sunday after Easter (Cantate). John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , William Towers, Mark Padmore, Julian Clarkson. Soli Deo Gloria, 2000.
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 14. Ton Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Bogna Bartosz, Jörg Dürmüller , Klaus Mertens . Antoine Marchand, 2001.
- JS Bach: Cantatas Vol. 36 (Cantatas from Leipzig 1725) - BWV 6, 42, 103, 108. Masaaki Suzuki , Bach Collegium Japan , Robin Blaze , Gerd Türk, Dominik Wörner . UP, 2006.
DVD
- JS Bach: Cantata BWV 103 “You will cry and howl”. Rudolf Lutz , Schola Seconda Pratica , Stefanie Irányi, Andreas Weller . Including an introductory workshop and reflection by Berthold Rothschild. Gallus Media, 2010.
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3 and Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-423-04431-4 .
- Werner Neumann : Manual of the cantatas by JS Bach , 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4 .
- Hans-Joachim Schulze : The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig; Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig), ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verlag).
- Christoph Wolff , Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas . Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4 .
Web links
- Kantatas, BWV 103 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Materials for the cantata “You will cry and cry” from Bach Digital of the Leipzig Bach Archive
- Cantata BWV 103 “You will cry and howl” by Bach Cantatas (English) history, scoring, sources for text and music, translations into several languages, recordings and discussion.
- You will cry and howl on the private website bach.de
- BWV 103 You will cry and howl on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c d e Alfred Dürr : The Cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach , 4th Edition, Volume 1, Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, 1981, ISBN 3-423-04080-7 , pp. 265-267.
- ↑ a b c d Klaus Hofmann : You will cry and howl (PDF; 545 kB) bach-cantatas.com. Pp. 13-14. 2007. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- ↑ Father of Mercy, Supreme God / Text and Translation of Chorale ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2006. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- ↑ a b c Julian Mincham: Chapter 45 BWV 103 You shall weep and wail / You shall weep and wail, though the world will rejoice. ( en ) jsbachcantatas.com. 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- ↑ Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works / Was mein Gott wants, das g'scheh allzeit ( en ) bach-cantatas.com. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- ^ Change of cast (old) compared to the printed evening program (PDF; 523 kB) JS Bach Foundation; Retrieved April 22, 2013.
