Gloria in excelsis Deodorant, BWV 191
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| Gloria in excelsis deodorant | |
| BWV: | 191 |
| Occasion: | 1st Christmas Day |
| Year of origin: | 1742 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | cantata |
| Solo : | ST |
| Choir: | SSATB |
| Instruments : | 3 Tr, Ti, 2 Ft, 2 Ob, 2 Vl, Va, Bc |
| text | |
| Latin | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
Gloria in excelsis Deo ("Glory to God in the Height") ( BWV 191) is a festival music by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed the Christmas cantata in Leipzig in 1742 . He worked on music that he had composed in a Gloria for the Dresden court in 1733 and which he later used as the Gloria of his B minor Mass .
Story and text
Bach composed the music to frame an academic speech at a university celebration that took place on Christmas Day 1742 in the Paulinerkirche . He worked on music that he had composed in 1733 in Kyrie and Gloria for the Dresden court and which he later incorporated into his B minor Mass . It is unique among his cantatas because, for the aforementioned context, it is written in Latin and is set for a five-part choir. In addition, with a performance time of only around 15 minutes, it is considerably shorter than comparable works. The cantata refers to the Bible passage from the Christmas story of the Evangelist Luke ( Lk 2.14 EU ) dealt with in the celebratory speech .
Occupation and structure
The cantata is festively occupied with two vocal soloists ( soprano and tenor ), a five-part choir with two soprano parts, three trumpets , timpani , two flauto traverso , two oboes , two violins , viola and basso continuo . The autograph title page bears the inscription “JJ Festo Nativit: Xsti. Gloria in excelsis deodorant. 5 voci each. 3 Trombe Tymp. 2 trav 2 skin b. 2 violini viola e cont. Di JSB ".
- Coro: Gloria in excelsis Deodorant
post orationem (after the sermon)
- Duetto (soprano, tenor): Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui sancto
- Coro: Sicut erat in principio
music
The first movement ( Gloria ) agrees almost completely with the corresponding movement of the mass composition , while the second and third movements are closely based on their model. The doxology begins with the duet Gloria Patri et Filio et Spiritui sancto , which Bach developed from the Domine Deus of the Mass, the final chorus Sicut erat in principio is based on Cum sancto spiritu . Individual voices, for example the fugitive part Sicut erat in principio , are reinforced by instruments in the cantata. However, Bach did not incorporate these changes into the valid copy of the B minor Mass, leaving it to speculation as to whether he viewed them as improvements.
Recordings
- The Bach Cantata Vol. 16 . Helmuth Rilling , Gächinger Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Nobuko Gamo-Yamamoto, Adalbert Kraus . Hänssler 1971
- JS Bach: Christmas Oratorio . Ludwig Güttler , Concentus Vocalis Vienna, Virtuosi Saxoniae , Christiane Oelze , Hans Peter Blochwitz . Dresden Classics 1995
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 21 . Ton Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Caroline Stam , Paul Agnew. Antoine Marchand 1999
- Bach Cantatas Vol. 18: Weimar / Leipzig / Hamburg / For Christmas Day & for Epiphany / For the 1st Sunday after Epiphany . John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , Claron McFadden , Christoph Genz . Solos Deo Gloria 1999
- JS Bach: Cantata BMV 191 “Gloria in Excelsis Deo” . Rudolf Lutz , vocal ensemble of the Schola Seconda Pratica, Schola Seconda Pratica , Gerlinde Sämann , Johannes Kaleschke. Gallus Media 2009
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3 and Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-423-04431-4 .
- Werner Neumann : Manual of the cantatas by JS Bach , 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4 .
- Hans-Joachim Schulze : The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig; Carus-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig), ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verlag).
- Christoph Wolff , Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas . Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4 .
Web links
- Gloria in excelsis Deo, BWV 191 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Cantata BWV 191 Gloria in excelsis Deo by Bach Cantatas (English)
- Gloria in excelsis deodorant on the Bach website
- BWV 191 Gloria in Excelsis Deo Text, structure and composition on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
- Notes in the public domain by Gloria in excelsis Deo, BWV 191 in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Markus Rathey: On the genesis of Bach's university music Gloria in Excelsis Deo BWV 191 . In: Bach yearbook . 99, 2013, pp. 319-328.
- ↑ a b c John Butt : Bach, Mass in B minor . Cambridge University Press , Cambridge 1991, ISBN 978-0-521-38716-3 , pp. 12-13, doi : 10.2277 / 0521387167 .
- ^ John Butt: Bach's Mass in B minor: Considerations of Its Early Performance and Use . In: The Journal of Musicology . 9, No. 1, 1991, pp. 109-123. JSTOR [ https://www.jstor.org/stable/763836 763836]. doi : 10.1525 / jm.1991.9.1.03a00050 .
