What do you want to grieve, BWV 107
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| What do you want to grieve | |
| BWV: | 107 |
| Occasion: | 7th Sunday after Trinity |
| Year of origin: | 1724 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | cantata |
| Solo : | STB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | Cc 2Ft 2Oa 2Vl Va Bc |
| text | |
| Johann Heermann | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
What do you want to grieve yourself ( BWV 107) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed the choral cantata in Leipzig for the 7th Sunday after Trinity as the seventh cantata in his second cantata cycle and performed it for the first time on July 23, 1724. The cantata is based on the chorale by Johann Heermann What do you want to grieve yourself (1630), whose seven stanzas Bach for once set to music unchanged.
Story and words
Bach composed the cantata in Leipzig for the 7th Sunday after Trinity. The prescribed readings for Sunday were Rom 6 : 19-23 LUT , "Death is the wages of sin, but the gift of God is eternal life", and Mk 8: 1-9 LUT , the feeding of the 4000. The subject of trust in God in need is also the theme of the chorale by Johann Heermann What do you want to grieve yourself (1630), the seven stanzas of which deals with trust in God in the face of enemies, even to the devil. Bach set the chorale per omnes versus , all stanzas unchanged. However, he composed the middle stanzas as a recitative and four consecutive arias . The setting of the unchanged chorale text was already considered old-fashioned in Bach's time; he had previously (1707?) Used it in Christ lay in death gangs, BWV 4 , later, for example, in 1726 in Praise be to the Lord, my God, BWV 129 , yes only once in his second cycle of cantatas. John Eliot Gardiner suspects that Bach was thereby imposing a restriction on himself, as he had done in the first four cantatas of the cycle, in which the cantus firmus runs through the four voices, so that in the fourth cantata, Oh Lord, poor sinner, the bass takes him over.
The chorale comes from a collection that Heermann published in 1630 under the title Devoti musica cordis and which also contained the Dearest of Jesus, What have you done wrong . The songs were the first to apply Martin Opitz's recommendations for poetry in German to religious subjects.
Occupation and structure
The cantata is richly occupied by winds, with three soloists, soprano , tenor and bass and a four-part choir performing corno da caccia , two flauto traverso , two oboe d'amore , two violins , viola and basso continuo .
- Coro: What do you want to grieve
- Recitativo (bass): Because God does not leave anyone
- Aria (bass): You dare to go on him
- Aria (tenor): Even if straight from hell
- Aria (soprano): He judges in his honor
- Aria (tenor): So I surrender to him
- Chorale: Lord, give me your honor
music
The opening choir is a chorale fantasy in which the vocal movement is embedded in an independent concerto of the orchestra. The cantus firmus of the melody I will not let go of God is in the soprano and is richly decorated, the lower voices are predominantly set homophonically . The lines of the chorale do not appear separately, only line 5, the beginning of the swan song of the bar form , stands for itself. Lines 1 and 2 are connected, as are 3 and 4 and 6 to 8.
The only recitative is accompanied by the oboi d'amore. The word joys is emphasized by an extensive melisma , as is the word save in the last line, which is designed as Arioso . This is followed by four arias, which are not da capo arias , but are in two parts, according to the poem. Bach shapes them differently through different voices, keys that change between minor and major, tempos and affects , and sometimes obscures the bar form.
The first aria for bass and strings depicts a hunting scene. Bach plays with the double meaning of the word hunt , which he takes literally, up to a hunting signal with a trill in the singing voice. The second aria for tenor and continuo begins with strong words about Satan as an enemy: "Even if from hell / Satan wanted to oppose himself / yourself / and rage against you". The rhythm changes between 6/8 and 3/4 from one measure to another, irregular and unpredictable. The extraordinarily bizarre bass line, called 'organo e continuo', was compared by Albert Schweitzer with the contours of a giant dragon.
The third aria for soprano and the two oboes begins with an elaborate version of the chorale melody. Your last line quotes the melody unchanged on the words "what God wants, the story". The fourth aria is unusually cast, the tenor is accompanied by the flutes in unison and muted violins.
The final chorale has four voices, but is embedded in a rich orchestral setting with a Sicilian character. The chorale lines are grouped as in the first stanza, the highlighted line 5 here reads “O Father, Son and Spirit”.
Recordings
- LP / CD
- The Bach Cantata Vol. 43. Helmuth Rilling , Gächinger Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Arleen Augér , Aldo Baldin , John Bröcheler . Hänssler, 1979.
- JS Bach: Das Kantatenwerk - Sacred Cantatas Vol. 6. Gustav Leonhardt , Boys Choir Hanover , Collegium Vocale Gent , Leonhardt-Consort , Soloist of the Boys Choir Hanover, Kurt Equiluz , Max van Egmond . Teldec , 1980.
- JS Bach: Cantatas. Philippe Herreweghe , Collegium Vocale Gent , Agnès Mellon Howard Crook , Peter Kooij . Virgin Classics, 1991.
- Bach Edition Vol. 11 - Cantatas Vol. 5. Pieter Jan Leusink , Holland Boys Choir , Netherlands Bach Collegium , Ruth Holton , Nico van der Meel , Bas Ramselaar . Brilliant Classics, 1999.
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 12. Sound Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Lisa Larsson , Christoph Prégardien , Klaus Mertens . Antoine Marchand, 2000.
- JS Bach: Cantatas Trinity Cantatas 4 Ansbach / Haddinton For the 6th Sunday after Trinity For the 7th Sunday after Trinity. John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , Katharine Fuge , Kobie van Rensburg , Stephan Loges . Soli Deo Gloria, 2000.
- JS Bach: Cantatas Vol. 23 - Cantatas from Leipzig 1724. Masaaki Suzuki , Bach Collegium Japan , Yukari Nonoshita , Makoto Sakurada , Peter Kooij . UP, 2002.
- Bach cantatas No. 8. BWV 7, BWV 18, BWV 107. Rudolf Lutz , choir and orchestra of the JS Bach Foundation , Nuria Rial , Julia Doyle (soprano), Alex Potter (alto), Makato Sakurada , Julius Pfeifer (tenor), Dominik Wörner , Wolf Matthias Friedrich (bass). Gallus Media, 2013.
- DVD
- "What do you want to grieve?" Cantata BWV 107. Rudolf Lutz, choir and orchestra of the JS Bach Foundation, Julia Doyle, Makoto Sakurada, Wolf Matthias Friedrich. Including an introductory workshop and reflection by Ernst Pöppel . Gallus Media, 2013.
literature
- Alfred Dürr : Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of JS Bach's Cantatas , 1947, 5th edition 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4
- Hans-Joachim Schulze : The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Leipzig: Evangelical publishing company; Stuttgart: Carus-Verlag 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig) ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verl.)
- Christoph Wolff / Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart, Weimar 2006 ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4
Web links
- What do you want to grieve, BWV 107 : Sheet music and audio files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Cantata BWV 107 What do you want to grieve on bach cantatas website
- What do you want to grieve on the Bach website
- BWV 107 What do you want to grieve Text, structure, occupation University of Alberta
Individual evidence
- ↑ What do you want to grieve / Text and Translation of Chorale ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2006. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
- ↑ a b c d John Eliot Gardiner : For the Seventh Sunday after Trinity / St Mary's, Haddington ( English ) solideogloria.co.uk. 2009. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
- ↑ Johann Heermann ( English ) ccel.org. 2006. Retrieved August 1, 201.
- ↑ Chorale Melodies used in Bach's Vocal Works / From God I won't let go ( English ) bach-cantatas.com. 2006. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
