Tischofer cave
| Tischofer cave
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 The Tischofer Cave |
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| Location: | Kaisertal , Tyrol | |
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Geographic location: |
47 ° 35 '31 " N , 12 ° 11' 48" E | |
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| Cadastral number: | 1312/1 | |
| Overall length: | 40 m | |
The Tischofer Cave is a cave in the Kaisertal of the Kaiser Mountains . As a meeting place and weapon hiding place for insurgent locals, it gained special local importance during the Napoleonic Wars .
The cave, which is around 40 m long and 20 m wide and 8.5 m high at the entrance, was used as accommodation by bears and other animals in the Stone Age , as excavated bones show. Cave bear bones predominate with 380 individuals, while foxes with 12, ibex with nine, wolf with six, reindeer with three, cave hyena with two and cave lion, chamois and marmot with 1 individual each. Some of the animals were killed by humans. The finds of tools made from bones, as well as a Lautsch tip , which are now kept in the local history museum at the Kufstein Fortress , can be dated to an age of around 27,000 - 28,000 years. The Tischofer Cave is thus the oldest documented place of discovery of human products in Tyrol.
The heavily churned upper cave, dating from the early 2nd millennium BC. "Culture layer 8" belonging to BC can only be interpreted to a limited extent. For the most part, skeletal parts of more than 30 people that were not in the association came to light, among which children and adolescents clearly outnumber adult women and men. It is probably about dumps with additions from the early Straubing culture (Bronze Age A 1). Finds from a copper and bronze processing workshop can be dated to the early Bronze Age (A 1 - A 2). According to an analysis, the copper processed in the cave comes from the Schwaz ore zone .
In the small hyena cave to the east of the Tischofer Cave, under a high layer of sintered traces of fire, coarse house ceramics from the early Bronze Age Straubing culture and the clay tuyere of a melting furnace were discovered.
The cave can be reached on foot from the Kaiseraufstieg in Kaisertal via a path secured with a wire railing. It is recorded in the Tyrolean cave cadastre with the number 1312/001.
literature
- Max Schlosser, F. Birkner, H. Obermaier: The bear or Tischofer cave in the Kaisertal . In: Treatises of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, Mathematical-Physical Class . 2. Kl. Vol. 24, Dept. 2. Verlag der KB Akademie der Wissenschaften in commission of G. Franz'schen Verlag (J. Roth) , 1909, ISSN 0176-7100 , p. 387–506 ( digitized [accessed September 10, 2013]).
- Peter Hofmann: Paths in the Inntal: An anthropospelaeological excursion guide to the caves of the lower Inntal between Rosenheim and Kufstein . 1st edition. Books on Demand GmbH, Norderstedt 2005, ISBN 3-8334-2811-2 , p. 151–156 ( [1] [accessed September 10, 2013]).
Web links
- Peter Hofmann: Lower Inn Valley Cave Guide - Tischofer Cave - The Bear Cave
- Franz Lindenmayr in “Mensch und Höhle”: Tischoferhöhle, Tirol, A