Tokugawa Iemochi
Tokugawa Iemochi ( Japanese 徳 川 家 茂 ; * July 17, 1846 ; † August 29, 1866 ) was the daimyō of the Kii - han from 1849 to 1858 (today: Wakayama) and from 1858 to 1866 the penultimate Shogun of Japan .
1849 of which was Kishū line of Tokugawa originating Yoshitomi the future heir of the childless Shogun Tokugawa Iesada used and took the name Iemochi. After Iesada's death, Tokugawa Iemochi eventually came to power with the support of the Fudai . His reign fell in the last phase of the Edo period , which is characterized by so many upheavals that it is often referred to as a separate intermediate epoch , Bakumatsu . The Japanese term translated means "end of the shogunate". It began under his predecessor with the arrival of Commander Perry's " black ships " in 1853. Shortly before Tokugawa Iemochi's accession to power, the Harris Treaty was signed with the United States. In 1861 Tokugawa Iemochi ratified the Prussian-Japanese Friendship, Trade and Shipping Treaty in Edo . While the German original of the document is now in the custody of the Secret State Archive of Prussian Cultural Heritage in Berlin , the Japanese original was lost in the great earthquake of 1923 due to the subsequent fire.
The Shogun's apparent indulgence towards foreign countries led to the split among the samurai : while some advocated the forcible expulsion of foreigners and a reform of the ruling house and society, others advocated the retention of Bakufu and the existing Japanese feudal order. It was also the starting point for the oppositional Sonnō jōi movement ("Adore the emperor, away with the barbarians"). Under Iemochi's successors, the rule of the Shoguns ended with the return of power to the Tennō in 1867, the so-called Meiji Restoration .
Individual evidence
- ↑ DY Miyauchi: Yokoi Shonan's Response to the Foreign Intervention in Late Tokugawa Japan, 1853–1862. In: Modern Asian Studies. Vol. 4, No. 3, 1970, ISSN 0026-749X , pp. 269-290.
- ^ The Rhine Palatinate : Hans-Ulrich Fechler, “Fateful Comrades”, published in issue no. 257 on November 5, 2011
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tokugawa, Iemochi |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | 徳 川 家 茂 (Japanese); Tokugawa, Yoshitomi |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Japanese shogun |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 17, 1846 |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 29, 1866 |