Trans identity

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The expression trans identity ( Latin trans "other side", "beyond" and idem "the same", "the same" "the same") is used synonymously with transsexuality by many people . However, trans identity rather indicates a person's gender identity and tries to differentiate himself from a relationship to sexuality. Trans identity describes a naturally conditioned phenomenon in which the gender identity does not match the gender assigned at birth. Trans identity is often understood more broadly and includes people who do not undergo genital reassignment surgery.

Origin and delimitation of terms

Transidentity is a term that was invented in 1984 by several informal members of a self-help group of the same name from Cologne and Frankfurt am Main, according to the statements of psychotherapists Inoszka Prehm and Cornelia Klein (until 1998 the first chairwoman of the Transidentitas association, which existed from 1985 to 2000). The popularity of the name goes hand in hand with the founding of the association and the meetings of the association in Frankfurt am Main in the following years. The name was adopted by numerous other authors, self-help groups and associations. In December 2019, the German National Library lists a total of 45 publications with the word transidentity in the title and 250 with mentions of the name. In the French-speaking world, the term transidenté is used.

The critics of the term " transsexuality " argue that although originally the feeling of a person was meant to have the wrong sexual organs, the association with sexuality is very close. In fact, however, trans-identity is not a sexual problem in the sense of “sexual acts” or “ sexual preferences ” or “ sexual orientation ”. Transgender people, like non-transgender people, can have the full range of sexual preferences and / or orientations. However, since it is mainly about the self-definition of one's own identity, the term transsexuality is refrained from in order to emphasize the issue of identity. Trans people strive to be recognized in their gender role and usually also physically as belonging to the opposite sex. Even with non-binary people it is a question of the self-definition of one's own identity; however, non-binary people want to change their bodies (especially their sexual organs) less often or less strongly on average, reject binary gender roles or are intersex .

Because of this self-determination, the designation transidentity should avoid the association with sexuality and associated misunderstandings, which certainly have practical effects on the lives of transident people. These are not only of a general nature, but also, for example, in the assessments that are necessary for medical treatment and for changing names and civil status; these were (rarely today) often very focused on questions about sexual behavior, but often ignored social questions or questions about the discomfort with the reactions and feelings of the body, which the trans people perceive to be far more important.

The designation "is also used transgender " emphasizes the social role of sex ( gender ) and less to to improper body, so the fact that those affected primarily under them suffer assigned gender role. Transgender spread in Germany after the term trans identity .

However, a group of those affected is now returning to the term transsexual in their self-definition , because they see themselves robbed of possible prenatal causes by trans identity , as well as to draw attention to the fact that transsexuality is primarily not a question of gender identity, but the term one Describes sexual variation that Magnus Hirschfeld , who first referred to transsexualism in 1923, considered it to occur in nature. He understood transsexuality or transsexualism as "opposite sex" and mentioned his observation in his article The intersexual constitution , which appeared as an expanded version of a lecture given on March 16, 1923 in the hygienic institute of the University of Berlin in the yearbook for sexual intermediate stages . In this article, Hirschfeld describes people whose gender he saw as the preliminary stages of hermaphroditism . In contrast to trans identity, in which the “feeling of how the opposite sex” is meant, transsexuality describes a gender intermediate stage. Furthermore, it is argued by transsexual people that the gender identity is not changed, but only the body is adapted to the actual gender.

With transgender many transsexuals feel not addressed, because, as in the medical definition of ICD-10 described F64.0, primarily suffer from the wrong-sex body features and see the development of the social role only as a secondary consequence. With the classification of the WHO ICD-11, which has been in effect since June 2019, “Gender Incongruence” no longer refers exclusively to the suffering caused by the body, but also to the social or legal assignment of a gender, which again speaks more for “transgender” or “transidentity”.

See also

literature

  • M. Fuchs, K. Praxmarer & K. Sevecke: Transidentity in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Springer, 2017 doi: 10.1007 / s10304-016-0112-0 .
  • Livia Prüll: Trans * in luck. Gender reassignment as an opportunity. Autobiography, medical ethics, medical history. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2016, ISBN 978-3-525-49011-2 .
  • Udo Rauchfleisch : Anne becomes Tom - Klaus becomes Lara. Understand trans identity / transsexuality. Patmos, Ostfildern 2013, ISBN 978-3-8436-0427-7 .
  • Udo Rauchfleisch: Transsexuality - Transidentity Assessment, support, therapy. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-525-46270-6 .
  • Udo Rauchfleisch: Transexualism - Gender dysphoria - Gender incongruence - Transidentity: The difficult way of depathologization. , Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2019, ISBN 978-3-525-40516-1 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Transsexuality already arises in the womb DIE WELT, July 22, 2015
  2. Jump up ↑ Johanna Olson, Sheree M. Schrager, Marvin Belzer, Lisa K. Simons, Leslie F. Clark: Baseline Physiologic and Psychosocial Characteristics of Transgender Youth Seeking Care for Gender Dysphoria. In: Journal of Adolescent Health. 2015, doi: 10.1016 / j.jadohealth.2015.04.027 .
  3. Transsexuality - transidentity assessment, support, therapy. , P. 14. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2006 a. 5th edition 2016, ISBN 978-3-647-46270-7
  4. https://icd.who.int/browse11/lm/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f411470068
  5. M. Fuchs, K. Praxmarer & K. Sevecke, Transidentity in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry M. Fuchs, 2017, doi: 10.1007 / s10304-016-0112-0
  6. https://www.uni-due.de/genderportal/gender.shtml What does gender mean?
  7. https://www.nonbinary.ch/grundlagen/ Nonbinary Switzerland
  8. Livia Prüll, Trans * im Glück: Gender reassignment as an opportunity. Autobiography, medical ethics, medical history. Pp. 17-18, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2016, ISBN 978-3-525-49011-2
  9. ^ Transidentitas e. V .: Official website. ( Memento of December 15, 2000 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on August 5, 2020.
  10. M. Fuchs, K. Praxmarer & K. Sevecke, Transidentity in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry M. Fuchs, 2017, doi: 10.1007 / s10304-016-0112-0
  11. ^ Transidentity, a messy phenomenon, Brigitte Vetter, Hogrefe, 2010, ISBN 978-3-456-84842-6
  12. German Society for Transidentity and Intersexuality e. V .: Official website. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  13. Trans-Ident e. V .: Official website. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  14. https://icd.who.int/browse11/lm/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f411470068 ICD-11