Transpadani Republic
The Transpadan Republic (Repubblica Transpadana) was an Italian subsidiary republic established by French revolutionary exports , formed from the Austrian Lombardy with the duchies of Milan and Mantua (hence the name Lombard Republic ). It was proclaimed on November 15, 1796 and renamed the Cisalpine Republic on June 29, 1797 after the union with the Cispadani Republic .
development
The military successes of Napoléon Bonaparte in the First Coalition War enabled the establishment of pro-French republican administrative organs in the northern Italian cities and territories from the spring of 1796, which grew together into overarching state structures in the autumn of the same year. After the Battle of Lodi on May 10th of that year, Bonaparte had declared feudal rule in Lombardy to be over.
The proclamation of the Transpadanic Republic took place on November 15, 1796. The state name was derived from the Latin words trans for beyond and Padus for the Po ; From an Italian point of view, the Transpadani Republic was thus the republic across the Po . At the same time, the name was reminiscent of the ancient region (Gallia) Transpadana established by Emperor Augustus, which corresponds to its territory . On December 27, 1796, the Cispadan Republic was constituted south of the Po . The naming of these French subsidiary republics on the Po avoided the French point of view and thereby defused the accusation of an expansive power policy by France, but still had some explosiveness in them: the question of a national Italian central power, which had been lost since the fall of the Roman Empire , was connected with antiquity had gone. The terms transpadanic and cispadanic were a challenge to the existence of all pre-revolutionary states that arose in the Middle Ages on Italian soil.
With further territorial expansion from the Cispadan Republic, the scope of the republic changed so that on June 29, 1797, the Cisalpine Republic emerged .
flag
On August 19, 1796, the city militias were transformed into a National Guard, whose uniforms were colored green, white and red. According to a common practice, these three colors were also adopted in the military standards. From October 9th, the first flags appeared in these colors. On October 11th, Bonaparte confirmed in a letter green, white and red as the national colors of the new republic. From November 6th, standards were distributed to the troops, on which different slogans were also attached.