Separator

A separator plays a role in stereo recording technology for main microphone recordings using omnidirectional microphones.
The Jecklin disc by Jürg Jecklin and the spherical surface microphone by Günther Theile are known for this .

These microphone systems are close to artificial head stereophony because they also generate spectral differences , i.e. frequency-dependent level differences in addition to the transit time differences that are formed by microphones in the ear distance . These signals are similar to ear signals .

With stereo listening in a stereo triangle , the locations of the phantom sound sources on the loudspeaker base are localized and indicated by the direction of the hearing event as a deflection in percent from the center. Frequency-neutral level differences and time-of- flight differences lead to shiftable phantom sound sources through cumulative localization . In loudspeaker stereophony , frequency-dependent level differences (spectral differences) generated by separators as interchannel signal differences should be avoided because these lead to sound discolouration in the case of lateral sound incidence .

Every microphone system with a separating body generates spectral differences in the direction of sound incidence from the side through shadowing, which do not exist in the sound field at the microphone location "in nature". Common outwardly angled microphones with omnidirectional characteristics also go in this direction because of their non-ideal spheres in the heights.
This error is clearly audible in stereo loudspeaker reproduction, as the low frequencies come bundled from the middle between the loudspeakers and the high frequencies push separately in the direction of the loudspeakers.

literature

• Thomas Görne: Sound engineering. 1st edition, Carl Hanser Verlag, Leipzig, 2006, ISBN 3-446-40198-9
• Michael Dickreiter, Volker Dittel, Wolfgang Hoeg, Martin Wöhr (eds.), "Handbuch der Tonstudiotechnik", 8th, revised and expanded edition, 2 volumes, publisher: Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston, 2014, ISBN 978-3- 11-028978-7 or e- ISBN 978-3-11-031650-6

See also

• Interchannel , interaural
• Binaural sound recording , spherical surface microphone
• Localization (acoustics)
• Separating layer

Web links

• Separator Microphone Systems That Generate Spectral Differences - pdf (109 kB)
• Frequency-dependent and frequency-independent level differences - pdf (191 kB)
• Equivalence stereophony with kidneys without spectral differences and with spheres with spectral differences - pdf (78 kB)
• Separator microphone systems - HDM Stuttgart (PDF; 6.6 MB)