Tritoniidae
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| Lamarck , 1809 |
The Tritoniidae are a family of sapling snails in the suborder of the nudibranchs . These are exclusively marine shell -less snail species that eat corals ( Octocorallia ).
features
The Tritoniidae have an elongated, nudibranch-like body with an approximately square cross-section. They have a mostly notched mouth sail with several sensor-like, often branched appendages. The antennae above the head, the elongated and thickened rhinophores that can be retracted in antennae sheaths , are elongated like fingers at their tips and have numerous branched outgrowths there. The back is covered at its edges with fine branched extensions of the mantle , which serve as gills. The midgut gland consists of two lobes which, depending on the type, can be fused together differently.
The broad radula has a central tooth and numerous posterior teeth in each row. The snails have a pair of strong jaws. The anus as well as the openings of the nephridia and the genital organs are on the right side of the snail.
Like other tree snails, the Tritoniidae are hermaphrodites . They have an unreinforced penis and a hermaphroditic gland that surrounds the midgut gland as a layer. The male and female genital openings are close to each other. The snails mate with each other. Numerous Veliger larvae hatch from the eggs, feed on plankton and, after a long pelagic phase, metamorphose into small tree snails .
The Tritoniidae eat corals of the subclass Octocorallia .
In the North Sea, the family is represented by the great tritonia ( Tritonia hombergi ) and the fringed tree snail ( Marionia blainvillea ).
Systematics
According to Bouchet and Rocroi (2005) the family Tritoniidae is one of nine families in the superfamily Tritonioidea , which in turn alone forms the suborder Dendronotida. The Tritoniidae family includes ten genera:
- Marianina Pruvot-Fol, 1931
- Marionia Vayssiere, 1877
- Marioniopsis Odhner, 1934
- Paratritonia Baba, 1949
- Tochuina Odhner , 1963
- Tritonia Cuvier , 1798
- Tritonidoxa Bergh, 1907
- Tritoniella Eliot, 1907
- Tritoniopsilla Pruvot-Fol, 1933
- Tritoniopsis Eliot, 1905
The generic names Candiella Gray, 1850, Duvaucelia Risso, 1826, Euphurus Rafinesque, 1815, Microlophus Mabille & Rochebrune, 1889 and Myrella Odhner, 1963 are synonymous with Tritonia Cuvier, 1797 . Mariana Pruvot-Fol, 1930 is a synonym of Marianina Pruvot-Fol, 1931.
literature
- Luise Schmekel, Adolf Portmann: Opisthobranchia of the Mediterranean: Nudibranchia and Saccoglossa . Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York 1982. Tritoniidae Lamarck, 1809 : p. 141.
- Adam Sedgwick, Joseph Jackson Lister, Sir Arthur Everett Shipley: A Student's Text-book of Zoology: Protozoa to Chaetognatha . S. Sonnenschein and Company, 1898. Tritoniidae : p. 411.
- Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi: Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47: 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005 ISSN 0076-2997
