Tsondab

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Tsondab
Main road C19 over the Tsondab
Data
location	Namibia
River system	Tsondab
source	Remhoogtebergen
muzzle	Tsondabvlei the coordinates: 23 ° 55 '10 "  S , 15 ° 22' 10"  O 23 ° 55 '10 "  S , 15 ° 22' 10"  O
length	150 km
Catchment area	3,844,167 km²

Tsondabvlei

Tsondab Rivier roughly halfway between Tsondabvlei and the western edge of the Remhoogte Mountains

The Tsondab is an ephemeral dry river in western Namibia , which has its origin in the Remhoogte Mountains and ends in a vlei (depression) after 150 kilometers in the Namib .

Hydrology

The catchment area of the Tsondab covers 3844.167  square kilometers and stretches from the foot of the Remhoogte Mountains in the east over the Naukluft Mountains to the west to about 50 kilometers into the sand lake of the Central Namib in the Namib- Naukluft Park, where, similar to the Tsauchab in Sossusvlei , it all in one End vlei seeps away . The highest point of the catchment area is at 1927 m, the Tsondabvlei at 640 meters. Precipitation in the catchment area varies from zero millimeters per year in the Namib region to 200 millimeters in the Naukluft Mountains. In 30 percent of the catchment area, the annual precipitation is less than 100 mm. In the upper reaches and in the Naukluft Mountains there are unique geological formations and several springs with short, year-round water-bearing streams. The Tsondabvlei rarely fills with water, but allows for a dense population of trees.

Vegetation and fauna

55 percent of the Tsondab catchment area is in the semi-desert and savanna transition zone, 32 percent is in the dwarf shrub savannah and the remaining 12% is in the central Namib . In the upper catchment area in the Naukluft Mountains, the year-round springs and streams form the basis for the partly lush vegetation areas in the otherwise arid region. In the lower reaches there are light gallery forests with camel thorn ( Acacia erioloba ) and umbrella acacia ( Acacia tortilis ) and various fig species ( Ficus spec. ). In the Tsoondabvlei itself there are dense populations of A. erioloba and A. tortilis , as well as ǃNara . The Tsondabvlei with its acacia forest is the breeding area of ​​the largest colony of lark-necked vultures ( Torgos tracheliotos ) in Namibia .

Use and settlement

The land in the upper catchment area, with the exception of the Naukluft, is owned by 26 commercial farms, which take up about 74% of the total area. The remaining 26 percent are in the Namib-Naukluft Park .

literature

• Mary Seely, Kathryn M. Jacobson, Peter J. Jacobson: Ephemeral Rivers and Their Catchments - Sustaining People and Development in Western Namibia . Desert Research Foundation of Namibia, 1995, ISBN 978-99916-709-4-2 .
• Klaus Hüser, Helga Besler, Wolf Dieter Blümel, Klaus Heine, Hartmut Leser, Uwe Rust : Namibia - A Landscape Studies in Pictures . Klaus Hess, Göttingen / Windhoek 2001, ISBN 978-3-933117-14-4 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Mapping the Major Cathments of Namibia. Ben Ben J. Strohbach, National Botanical Research Institute, pp. 5-6.