Do bischevat

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Children in Pardes Hanna-Karkur plant a tree at Tu biSchevat

The Jewish New Year of the Trees ( ראש השנה לאילנות Rosch HaSchanah La'illanot , German 'New Year of the Trees' ), also Chag Ha'illanot (חַג הָאִילָנוֹת 'Festival of Trees' ), February is a small Jewish holiday .

Tu biShevat (ט״ו בשבט) literally means "the 15th Shevat ". In modern times, trees are planted on this day. It is customary to eat a fruit on this day that has not yet been eaten this year.

meaning

Festively laid table in the evening by Tu biSchevat

The festival goes back to the Mishnah . There it is said that the House of Hillels determined as early as the first century BC. Chr. The 15th of the month Shevat New Year of the Trees ( MRH 1.1 ). This date marks the end of the rainy season and thus the beginning of the ideal planting season in Israel . The date is important for the rules for the Orla ; H. determining the age of the trees.

The festival is based on the prohibition of eating fruits from newly planted trees that are not yet three years old and the commandment to offer them in the temple in the fourth year and to eat them only in the fifth year. Tu biSchevat indicates the end of winter and symbolizes the blooming of Israel, its settlement, the beauty of nature and the good fruits that its earth produces.

Surname

The name of the festival refers to the date in the Jewish calendar . In the Hebrew alphabet , each letter has a numerical value at the same time: the letter Tet corresponds to the number 9 and the letter Waw to the number 6. The two letters written one behind the other represent the sum 15. Their combination is pronounced in Hebrew as “tu”; "Bi" means "in". Therefore “Tu biShevat” is the 15th day of the month Shevat .

In the Torah

The holiday goes back to an order from the Torah , where in Leviticus Moses the Israelites are commanded:
When you come into the land, you should plant all kinds of trees! ( 3 Mos 19.23  EU )

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Plate with various dried fruits for Tu biSchevat

It is a day that fruits / fruit salad are eaten. In the course of time, a tradition developed that was reflected in the book of Chemdat ha-Jamin , and later in the book of Pri Etz Hadar , which became the Aggada of the 15th Shevat . In the diaspora it is customary to collect and consume fifteen fruits that are reminiscent of the land of Israel.

There are Jews who eat up to fifty different kinds of fruit that day. Even today, on the 15th Shevat, the table is set by serving the most beautiful fruits from the land of Israel, but especially the " seven species " with which the land was blessed. You try to find fresh fruits that you haven't eaten this year so that you can get the blessing on them שהחינו Schehechejanu , German , can say 'who kept us alive' . At Tu biShevat it is also forbidden to fast and no funeral speeches are given . Provided that it is not a sabbatical year ( fallow year ) in which all field work is forbidden, you drive into the countryside and often you plant new trees.

Do biSchevat appointments

Every feast day begins the evening before, because in the Jewish calendar the day lasts from the evening before to the evening of the day - not from midnight to midnight. The beginning of the evening is denoted by the word (Hebrew ערב evening) Erev. The date for the holiday varies according to the Gregorian calendar and is celebrated on the following days:

Jewish year Gregorian date
5779 January 21, 2019
5780 February 10, 2020
5781 January 28, 2021
5782 January 17, 2022
5783 February 6, 2023

Note: Jewish holidays begin on the evening before the specified day.

Events

On Tu biShevat of the year 1949, on February 14th, the constituent assembly of the State of Israel met for the first time in Jerusalem . Two days later it called itself the Knesset .

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Tu biSchevat  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jews plant trees. In: Israelnetz .de. January 18, 2019, accessed January 21, 2019 .