Turoyo
| Turoyo | ||
|---|---|---|
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Spoken in |
Turkey ; today scattered around the world | |
| speaker | approx. 80,000–100,000 (source: Ethnologue) | |
| Linguistic classification |
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| Official status | ||
| Official language in | - | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639 -1 |
- |
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| ISO 639 -2 |
- |
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| ISO 639-3 |
tru |
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Turoyo or Surayt is a New East Aramaic language that was originally spoken by Syrian Orthodox Christians in the Tur Abdin area in the south-east of modern-day Turkey and in the north-east of Syria and is still spoken today - despite massive emigration.
Turoyo is very similar to the Assyrian-Neo-Aramaic dialect of the Aramaic language, which is also called "Suryaya" or "Swadaya". Both belong to the (New) Eastern American languages. A mutual understanding between these two languages or dialects is therefore possible, while this is not or hardly possible with other Aramaic languages, although all Aramaic languages belong to the Semitic languages.
Turoyo was primarily passed down orally; written sources emerged very late. Despite their massive oppression and persecution by various peoples and states (especially in Turkey in the 20th century), the Christian Arameans managed to save their language from extinction. Turoyo is spoken by a total of about 80,000-100,000 people today. The majority of the speakers are migrants who have emigrated from their original homeland to mostly western countries, such as B. Western Europe, America and Australia. In Turkey there are only about 3000 rather older people in the Tur Abdin region and in Syria about 7000 people who master Turoyo.
literature
- Adolf Siegel: Phonology and forms of the neo-Aramaic dialect of the door Abdîn. Orientbuchhandlung H. Lafaire, Hannover 1923 ( Contributions to Semitic Philology and Linguistics 2, ZDB -ID 539409-0 ; also: Königsberg, Phil. Diss., 1923; reprographic reprint, licensed edition, Olms, Hildesheim 1968).
- Otto Jastrow: Phonology and forms of the neo-Aramaic dialect of Mīdin in Ṭūr ʿAbdīn. 4th unchanged edition. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1993, ISBN 3-447-03334-7 ( Semitica Viva 9; also: Saarbrücken, Univ., Diss., 1967).
- Otto Jastrow: Textbook of the Ṭuroyo language. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1992, ISBN 3-447-03213-8 ( Semitica Viva. Series didactica 2).
- Otto Jastrow: The Neo-Aramaic Languages. In: Robert Hetzron (Ed.): The Semitic Languages. Routledge, London et al. 1997, ISBN 0-415-05767-1 , pp. 334-377 (Routledge Language Family Descriptions).
- Michael Waltisberg: Syntax of the Ṭuroyo (= Semitica Viva 55). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-447-10731-0 .
