Umur Bey

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Bust of Umur Bey in the Mersin Naval Museum

Umur Bey , also known as Umur Pascha or Umur of Aydin ( Turkish Aydınoğlu Gazi Umur Bey , * around 1309 in Aydin ; † 1348 before Izmir ), was a Turkish emir of Aydınoğlu .

Emir of Aydın

Umar's father Aydınoğlu Muhammad Bey had created the Beylik of Aydın in western Anatolia in 1308 from the remains of the Sultanate of the Rum Seljuks , which collapsed at the latest in 1307, and in 1317 he succeeded in conquering the byzantine Smyrna . Muhammad Bey (Mehmet Bey) and his son Umar, who succeeded him in rule in 1334, had built a powerful fleet in the conquered ports on the Anatolian Aegean coast , which challenged the fleets of the crusaders throughout the Aegean and raided their properties.

Fight and death

Umar concluded in 1335 with the Byzantine emperor Andronikos III. an alliance against Venetians , Genoese and Johanniter . Umar also allied himself with the Emir Saruhan Bey in neighboring Manisa , who also has a significant fleet . For large sums of money, Umar repeatedly lent the emperor ships and mercenaries who fought against the crusaders, against the Serbian king Stefan Dušan and for Andronikos in the Byzantine civil war . In 1342, 6,000 soldiers of Umar fought in front of Thessaloniki , but he himself was attacked by a crusade league consisting of the papacy, Venice, the Hospitallers and Cyprus, which conquered Smyrna in late 1344. When trying to recapture Umar, he fell in battle at the gates of the city in the spring of 1348.

His brother Hızır Bey succeeded him in the rule of Aydin.

reception

Umar's life and struggle are immortalized in the heroic epic Düstürname Destan (Destan by Umur Pasha) written by Enveri in 1465 . Some warships of the Ottoman and later the Turkish navy were named after Umur Bey.

swell

  1. ↑ a b c David Nicolle : The Ottomans - 600 Years of Islamic World Empire , pp. 40, 50ff and 90ff. tosa, Vienna 2008
  2. ^ A b Franz Georg Maier (Ed.): Weltbild Weltgeschichte , Volume 13 (Byzantium), pp. 372 and 376ff. Weltbild, Augsburg 1998
personal data
SURNAME Umur Bey
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Umur Pasha; Umur from Aydin; Aydınoğlu Gazi Umur Bey
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ruler of the Aydınoğlu
DATE OF BIRTH around 1309
PLACE OF BIRTH Aydin
DATE OF DEATH 1348
Place of death Izmir